小麦根部平衡石淀粉含量变化与抗热抗旱性的关系

本文采用定量方法,测定了6个冬小麦品种种苗平衡石淀粉的含量变化,借以评价其抗热-抗旱性。结果指出:陕合6号和旱选10号属于抗热-抗旱性较强的品种,小偃6号、郑引1号和7859-18属于抗热-抗旱性较弱的,而晋农3号居中。进一步表明,种苗平衡石淀粉含量变化的特征与其他抗旱性鉴定方法比较,也可用作鉴定冬小麦抗热-抗旱性的指标。位于植物种苗根冠细胞中的平衡石淀粉,通常在饥饿状况下也不水解。但是,在脱水或过热情况下,则以一定速度水解。抗脱水与耐热性强的作物或品种,水解速度较慢,而抗脱水与耐热性弱的则水解迅速。据此,苏联学者提出并采用以种苗根冠细胞平衡石淀粉的水解速度作为植物抗热-抗旱性指标。具体方法是将种苗主根尖用碘化钾染色,在显微镜下观察,依染色程度用5个等级或占对照的百分数表示。本文以此为基础,采用定量方法测定种苗平衡石淀粉的含量变化,评价6个冬小麦品种的抗热-抗旱性,以期为抗旱育种与农业生产服务。

Rlation of Statolith Starch Content in Wheat Roots With Drought-Heat Resistance

The changes of statolith starch content in seedling roots were studied to appraise the drought-heat resistance of six winter wheat cultivars. The results showed that the drought-heat resistance in Shanhe 6 and Hanxuan 10(Triticum aestivum L.) is stronger than that in Xiaoyan 6, Zhang yin 1 and 7859-18(Triticum aestivum L.) Compared with other methods, the changes of statolith starch content in seedling can be used as one of the indexes to appraise the drought-heat resistance of winter wheat.