新疆小麦籽粒黑胚病及病原的致病性研究

通过对新疆28个县(市)的小麦黑胚病粒进行病原分离,认为引起小麦黑胚病的病原由Alternaria tenuis, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium spp, Cladosporium spp,和Rhizoctonia spp等组成.其中以Alternaria tenuis为主,Bipolaris sorokiniana次之.病原接种和回接试验表明,Alternaria tenuis对小麦的致病性弱,Bipolaris sorokiniana的致病性强,寄主范围广,是引起小麦苗期根腐病的主要病原之一.Bipolaris sorokiniana的pH值范围广,在pH4.6～7.8下,最适宜该菌生长.同时土壤的含盐量对该菌的生长影响显著,0.1;的含盐量促进病原的生长,但10;的含盐量表现出明显的抑制作用.

The Study on Wheat Black Embryo and It's Pathogenicity of Pathogen in Xinjiang

According to the separation of the wheat black embryo grain about 28 county or city, we think that the pathogens that cause .The wheat black embryo in Xinjiang are composed ofAlternaria tenuis, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium spp,Cladosporium spp, andRhizoctonia spp etc. Among of them,Alternaria tenuis is the most important,Bipolaris sorokiniana is the second one. The experiment of inoculating and back inoculating indicates that the pathogenicity ofBipolaris sorokiniana is stronger thanAlternaria tenuis, its host range is wide; and it is one of the principal pathogens causing the disease of root rot on wheat seedling. The pH range ofBipolaris sorokiniana is also wide, it is more suitable for its developing under pH 4.6～7.8. At the same time, the effects of different salt content on development ofBipolaris sorokiniana is remarkable, the 0.1% salt content promote the development of pathogen, but 10% salt content have a striking inhibitory effect.