重庆市农业面源污染影响因子的系统分析

采用系统分析与数学分析方法,探讨了重庆市农业面源污染（NPSP）影响因子的作用大小、作用方向和作用方式,划分重庆市农业面源污染防治的类型。结果表明,主导因子是代表畜牧业的粪便承载系数、代表种植业的耕地面积和代表农民生活的人均收入,其中粪便承载系数显示抑制作用,而耕地面积和人均收入则促进面源污染的加重,且它们均以直接作用的形式影响农业面源污染。重庆市农业面源污染的防治可分为压力-响应较大型、压力大而响应小型、压力小而响应大型和压力-响应较小型等。

Systems Analysis of Factors Affecting Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution in Chongqing

The discharge amounts of COD, BODs, total nitrogen（TN） and total phosphor（TP） was accounted by the list analysis from the 8 sources of agrieuhural non-point source pollution（NPSP） such as chemical inorganic fertilizers, organic fertilizers, crops straw, stoekbreeding, aquieuhure, domestic sewage, domestic wastes and soil erosion in 39 districts（counties） in Chongqing. Subsequently, the systems analysis and mathematical analysis were conducted to determine the magnitude, direction and mode of factors affecting NPSP, to classify the prevention and cure types of NPSP in Chongqing. The results showed that the dominant factors were the loading coefficient of dejection （LCD） referring to the influence of stockbreeding, the plantation area （PA） referring to the influence of crop production and the mean revenue of farmer （MRF） referring to the influence of farmers living level. Of which, LCD could restrain the NPSP while PA and MRF reversed. Further- more, the manner~ of LCD, PA and MRF were direct function. The 39 districts（ counties ） in Chongqing were classified into 4 types such as severity both pressure and response, severity of pressure but lightness of response, lightness of pressure but severity of response, and lightness both pressure and response based on loading of NPSP, providing the scientific evidence to prevent and cure NPSP.