丛枝菌根对菲芘污染土壤中几种酶活性的影响

采用温室盆栽试验方法,研究了丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）Glomus mosseae和Glomus etunicatum对菲芘复合污染土壤中3种酶活性的影响。宿主植物为三叶草（Trifolium repens L.）和黑麦草（Lolium multiflorum Lam）。土样中菲和芘起始浓度分别为203.4mg·kg^-1和107.5mg·kg^-1。结果表明,植物增加了土壤多酚氧化酶、酸性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性。接种Glomus mosseae和Glomus etunicatum使三叶草根际土壤多酚氧化酶活性20-60d分别增加19.6%-72.0%和29.7%-90.6%,过氧化氢酶活性分别增加3.3%-12.2%和7.8%-34.7%,酸性磷酸酶活性总体呈增加趋势;接种Glomus mosseae使黑麦草根际多酚氧化酶活性增加18.0%-43.1%,过氧化氢酶活性总体上呈降低趋势,酸性磷酸酶活性先升高后降低。供试的两种AMF对三叶草根际酸性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性的影响30d前有显著差异。AM真菌作用的性质与宿主植物特性有关。

Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae on Enzymes in Contaminated Soils by Phenanthrene and Pyrene

Arbuscular mycorrhizal biorememdiation（AMBR） has becoming a promising new remediation technique for contamianated soils by organic pollutants including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Enzymes play an important role in AMBR process. As reported, arbuscular mycorrhizae can enhance the activity of oxidative enzymes in rhizosphere, which may lead to enhanced dissipation of PAHs in soil. Studies on effects of arbuscular mycorrhizae on enzymes in rhizosphere would be helpful to get a better understanding of AMBR for PAH contaminated soils. In this work, a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to investigate the impacts of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi （AMF）, Glomus mosseae and Glomus etunicatum as represantatives, on three enzymes in contaminated soils by phenanthrene and pyrene. Hosts were Trifolium repens L. and Lolium multifiorum Lam. Initial concentrations of phenanthrene and pyrene in soils were 203.4 mg·kg^-1 and 107.5 mg· kg^-1, respectively. It was observed that the activities of polyphenol oxidase, catalase and acid phosphatase enhanced in planted soil. During 20-60 d, polyphenol oxidase in rhizosphere of Trifolium repens L. inoculated by Glomus mosseae and Glomus etunicatum increased 19.6%-72.0% and 29.7%-90.6%, and catalase increased 3.3%-12.2% and 7.8%-34.7%, respectively. In general, phosphatase in rhizosphere of Trifolium repens L. enhanced with inoculation of these two AMFs. Polyphenol oxidase in rhizosphere of Lolium multiflorum Lam. increased 18.0%- 43.1%, while catalase decreased by inoculation of Glomus mosseae. Acid phosphatase in rhizosphere of Lolium multiflorum Lain, increased at first stages and decreased thereafter with inoculation of Glomus mosseae. Significant difference was observed on the effects of two tested AMFs on acid phosphatase and catalase in rhizosphere of Trifolium repens L. in 30 d. In addition, the influence of AMF on enzymes in soils was related to their host characteristics.