废弃烤烟茎秆与鸡粪堆肥化利用的研究

采用特制的堆肥箱，对废弃烤烟茎秆与鸡粪的堆肥化利用进行了研究。结果表明，烤烟茎秆＋鸡粪（处理A）混合堆肥处理的堆温保持在50℃以上的时间为10d，而烤烟茎秆＋碳酸氢铵（处理B）处理的仅为2d。堆肥30d时，处理A的碳素含量基本趋于稳定，C／N为15．8；处理B的碳素含量仍不稳定，C／N为23．5；处理A的铵态氮与硝态氮的比值为0．43，处理B的达0．60。堆肥20d时，处理A堆料浸出液浸种后的种子发芽指数比处理B的高15个百分点，差异达极显著水平。堆肥50d时，两处理的种子发芽指数差异不明显，种子发芽率均达到100％。烤烟茎秆与鸡粪堆肥成品的有机质和总养分（N、P2O5、K2O）含量、重金属（As，Hg，Ph，Cd，Cr）含量控制标准等完全达到有机肥质量的要求。

Utilization of Waste Tobacco Stem and Chicken Manure by Aerobic Composting

The composting effects of waste tobacco stems mixed with chicken manure were studied, which will provide a new way to rationally use waste tobacco stems and chicken manure, and could also reduce non-point source pollution caused by agricultural and poultry wastes and increase circular use of agricultural wastes. The resuhs indicated that the treatment temperature of tobacco stems eomposted with chicken manure （treatment A ） exceeded 50 ~C for 10 days, and that of tobacco stems composted with ammonium bicarbonate （treatment B ）exceeded 50℃ only for 2 days in the composting process. The harmful bacteria in treatment A could be eliminated easily. On the 30th day of composting, the carbon contents of treatment A remained basically stable and the rate of C/N and NH2-N/NO3-N were 15.8 and 0.43 respectively, but those of treatment B were still changeable and C/N and NH4^＋-N/NO3^--N rate were 23.5 and 0.60 respectively. The Germination Index（GI） of radish seed in solution lixiviated from treatment A was 15% higher than that extracted from treatment B, and their difference was greatly significant on the 20th day of composting. The GI of radish seed in extracting solution from both treatment A and B reached 100% and was not significantly different on the 50th day of composting, which indicated the poison contents in eomposting products decreased to safety range. The contents of organic matter, total nutrients （N, P2O5, K2O ） and heavy metals（As, Hg, Pb,Cd,Cr） in the composting product of tobacco stems and chicken manure conformed to the standard of organic manure quality.