姜瘟病病原细菌的鉴定

 我国栽培的姜上发现有几种细菌为害,分别引起叶枯、软腐和蔫萎等症状,而一般所谓"姜瘟"是指为害最严重的萎蔫型细菌病害。根据江苏和山东两地姜瘟病细菌的形态、染色反应、生长适温、培养性状、生理生化反应、血清反应和致病性等性状的测定,并与番茄的青枯病细菌进行比较,证明引起姜瘟的细菌是青枯病假单胞杆菌(Pseudomonas soIanacearum(Smith) Smith)。初步交互接种试验证明,姜瘟菌株与番茄青枯菌株的致病性有一定的差异,姜瘟菌株对番茄的致病性很弱;而番茄青枯菌株则不能为害姜。

IDENTIFICATION OF THE CAUSAL ORGANISM OF THE BACTERIAL WILT OF GINGER

Ginger bacterial wilt disease is the most serious disease of ginger in China.Two or three species of bacterial pathogens can be found on the ginger plants causing various type of symptoms, e.g. leaf blight, soft rot and wilt. The most destructive one is bacterial wilt.
A comparative study has been made of wilt organism of the ginger plant isolated from Nanking (isolate A. Zo-8) and Santung (isolate №. Zo-103) with the bacterial wilt organism of tomato (Pseudomonas solanacearum (Smith.) Smith.) (isolate №. LE-I) isolated from Nanking. Three isolates were found to be similar in morphology, staining reaction, optimum temperature of growth and physiological and biochemical properties. Serological studies by cross-agglutination tests showed that they were identical. Results indicate that the bacterial wilt of the ginger is caused by Pseudo-monas solanacearum (Smith.) Smith.
There are some difference in pathogenicity between the isolates from the ginger and the tomato.Artificial inoculations indicate that the ginger isolates (Zo-8 and Zo-103) cannot infect the tomato plants, whereas the isolate from tomato (LE-I) is only weakly pathogenic to the ginger plants.