糯性和半糯性水稻品种成熟胚组织培养力的比较

为建立江苏优质糯性水稻品种的成熟胚再生技术体系,以非糯粳稻南粳44为对照,选择糯稻品种苏御糯和半糯性品种南粳5055为研究材料,以其成熟胚为外植体,分别从愈伤组织的诱导、继代、分化和植株再生进行了比较,研究糯性水稻的成熟胚再生技术。结果表明,以M8为基本培养基,添加同样的激素组合(蔗糖3%,琼脂0.8%, 2,4-D 3mg/L,KT 0.1mg/L,ABA 0.2mg/L),诱导20d,苏御糯出愈率为98.81%,南粳5055为81.00%,均比对照南粳44的 99.32%略低,而且3品种的出愈快慢有差异,与对照南粳44相比,苏御糯的和对照相当,表现出愈较快,而南粳5055则比较慢。在分化过程中,以MS为基本培养基,添加不同浓度的激素组合(蔗糖3%,琼脂1%,山梨醇1.5%,2,4-D 0.1~0.4mg/L,6-BA 1~2mg/L),苏御糯和南粳5055在0.1mg/L 2,4-D和2mg/L 6-BA组合中分化率达到最高,分别是86.54%和56.5%,而对照南粳44只有21.42%,但南粳44在0.2mg/L 2,4-D和3mg/L 6-BA组合中的分化率最高,达到了66.67%。不同基因型的最高再生率分别为:苏御糯87.5%,南粳44 78.38%,南粳5055 65.3%。

COMPARISON OF TISSUE CULTURE ABILITY FROM MATURE EMBRYO BETWEEN GLUTINOUS AND SEMI-GLUTINOUS RICE CULTIVARS

To establish an efficient regeneration system of high-quality rice varieties in Jiangsu Province, the matured embryo was selected as explants from glutinous rice cultivar Suyunuo and semi-glutinous rice cultivar Nanjing 5055, using non-glutinous rice cultivar Nanjing 44 as control. The induction, subculture, differentiation of callus and plant regeneration were compared among these varieties. The results showed that the callus induction frequency of Suyunuo and Nanjing 5055 were 98.81% and 81.00%, respectively, which was slightly lower than that of Nanjing 44 (99.32%) after induction 20 days with hormone combinations of 2,4-D (3mg/L), KT (0.1mg/L) and ABA (0.2mg/L) in basal medium M8. The induction speed of Suyunuo were similar with that of Nanjing 44, while slower speed was observed in Nanjing 5055. The maximum differentiation rates of Suyunuo and Nanjing 5055 (86.54% and 56.52%, respectively) were recorded on MS medium supplemented with 0.1mg/L 2,4-D and 2mg/L 6-BA, while the rate of Nanjing 44 was 21.42% on some condition. The Nanjing 44 had its maximum differentiation rate (66.67%) on MS medium supplemented with 0.2mg/L 2,4-D and 3mg/L 6-BA. The maximum regeneration rates of three genotypes were 87.5% 1, 78.38% 2 and 65.3%3, respectively.