比较优势在林业发展中的地位和作用

林区或林业企业应从产品绝对比较优势、产品相对比较优势和资源比较优势３个层面上进行优化产业结构或资源配置的努力。政府应根据林区比较优势的动态变化制定出旨在发挥新的比较优势的产业政策，诱导林业企业进行产品结构升级。解决初级林产品价格低下的正确途径是开放市场，简单地延长产业链并不能成为开放市场的替代选择。

The Status and Role of Comparative Superiority of Forestry in Its Development

The critical step in optimization of industry structure and the optimal resources distribution of forest enterprises is to fully manifest their own comparative superiority.A forest area or a forest enterprise may know its own comparative superiority in three aspects:absolute comparative superiority of products,relative comparative superiority of products and the comparative superiority of resources.Development of the comparative superiority not only can bring about relative profits to the enterprises,but also can make the broad masses of comsumers share the same profits through the medium of trade.Due to comparative superiority of land and labor in the forest area and the comparative inferiority in capital and technology,the introduction of capital and technology should be considered as an important approach to accelerating the development of a forest area,especially the construction of fast growing and high yielding plantations and the change of industry structure.The comparative superiority of a forest area varies with the economic development,fluctuation of natural resources and the promotion of technologic level.An industry policy should aim at manifesting the new comparative superiority,and inducing the enterprises to promote the level of product structure.It is the main task of government to formulate such a policy so as to realize the macro control of forest management.The production and industry structure depend on the comparative superiority of the forest enterprises themselves and not on the percent of value added of products.The right solution to the lower price of primary forest products is to have an open market.Simple extension of the industry chain cannot be a substitute for an open market.