嫁接黄瓜果实表面蜡粉形成与砧木的相关性及其硅吸收分配特性

黄瓜果实表面蜡粉的多少影响其商品品质，蜡粉多少在一定条件下取决于植株对硅的吸收特性。本试验选择4个果实表面具蜡粉的南瓜自交系（Z1、 Z2、 Z3和Z4）和4个果实表面没有蜡粉的南瓜自交系（Z5、 Z6、 Z7 和Z8）为砧木，嫁接津优1号黄瓜，以自根黄瓜为对照，研究了嫁接和自根黄瓜果面蜡粉形成与硅吸收分配的关系。结果表明, 采用果面具蜡粉砧木Z1、 Z2嫁接的黄瓜果实表面鲜亮、 光滑，几乎无蜡粉；果面具蜡粉的砧木Z3、 Z4以及不具蜡粉的4个砧木嫁接的黄瓜果面蜡粉量多，色灰暗，与自根黄瓜之间差异显著或不显著。果面没有蜡粉的黄瓜植株各器官中硅含量显著低于果面有蜡粉的黄瓜；果实果皮中硅含量高于果肉。嫁接黄瓜果面是否具蜡粉与砧木果面有无蜡粉没有必然联系，采用去蜡粉砧木嫁接的黄瓜硅吸收量明显减少。

Correlation between bloom formation on fruit surface of grafted cucumber and rootstocks and absorption and distribution of silicon

The bloom on fruit surface of cucumber impacts its commercial quality,  and the bloom formation dependens on silicon absorption of plants to some extent. Four inbred line rootstocks with bloom on fruits (‘Z1’-‘Z4’) and four without bloom (‘Z5’-‘Z8’) were selected to graft cucumber cv. ‘Jinyou NO.1’ respectively,  the correlation between bloom formation on fruit surface of grafted and own root cucumbers and absorption and distribution of silicon was investigated,  using own root cucumber as control. The results showed that:  Fruits of grafted cucumber on blooming rootstocks ‘Z1’ and ‘Z2’ were bright and smooth,  almost no bloom on the surface,   while those on bloomless rootstocks ‘Z5’, ’Z6’,  ‘Z7” and ‘Z8’ had heavy bloom,  dark grey in colur,  the same was true for those grafted on blooming rootstocks ‘Z3’ and ‘Z4’. The silicon content in organs of cucumber plants without fruit bloom was significantly lower than that with bloom,  more silicon was found in pericarp than in sarcocarp. There was no definite relationship between bloom formation on fruit surface of grafted cucumber and rootstocks themselves,  the silicon absorption of cucumber was significantly reduced when grafted on bloom-removing rootstocks.