Women in Russian soil science

The role of women in the development of Russian soil science is analyzed. Four generations of women working in soil science are distinguished. The problems related to difficulties in obtaining higher (university) degrees are considered. There were three periods of the increasing role of women (waves of feminization) in the development of Russian soil science. The reasons for this phenomenon are discussed. Certain directions in soil science have been mainly developed by women. The paper presents information about outstanding leaders of particular scientific schools and organizers of science among women. The specificity of women’s careers in science and education is shown.