天目山自然保护区与周边社区的冲突和成因分析

以天日山自然保护区为对象，通过对天日山自然保护区管理局、西天日乡政府、周边社区不同类型村民代表及科技人员等主要相关利益者的12个小组访谈，及104个衣户和59个社会公众的问卷调查，分析了天日山自然保护区与周边社区的主要冲突：①野生竹笋抚育经营受限，社区居民经济收入减少；(9补偿措施不到位，社区居民预期收益未能兑现；③保护区总体规划滞后，当地项目投资开发受限；④限制采薪烧炭，给当地居民生活带来不便；⑤旅游开发后．环境质量和社会治安状况变差。并就自然保护区与周边社区冲突成因进行了分析：①自然保护区的外部性是客观基础；②保护理念和模式落后是认知原因；③产权交易机制不健全是制度原因。

Conflicts between Tianmu Nature Reserve and Its Peripheral Communities and the Causes of the Conflicts

The main conflicts between the Tianmu Nature Reserve and its peripheral communit ies were analyzed by interviewing 12 groups from Tianmu Nature Reserve administr ation bureau, west Tianmu township government, forestry technicians, representat ives of local villages and surveying 104 households and 46 publics in the form o f questionnaire. Restricting management of wild bamboo shoots resulted in income declining of local farmers; local farmers'anticipative interest could not be r ealized without effective compensation; without a scientific overall planning of Tianmu Nature Reserve, local economy development was constrained; after the est ablishment of nature reserve, local residents could not collect firewood freely, which disturbed their normal lives; with tourism development, the environment a nd public security situation became worse. Moreover the economic reasons to aris e conflicts between nature reserve and the peripheral communities were the exter nality of natural reserve, outdated protection concept and model, and imperfect property rights exchange mechanism.