双膜和加温对藤稔葡萄坐果及品质的影响

以三年生藤稔葡萄为试材，研究了双膜覆盖和早期阶段性加温对设施葡萄棚内温度、物候期及果实品质的影响。结果表明：与单膜对照相比，双膜和加温处理的日最高温度分别降低了34和48℃，40℃以上高温天气由6 d降到了3和1 d，日极端低温由08℃分别提高到42和77℃，活动积温分别提高了189和273℃。双膜及加温处理各物候期明显提前，成熟期提早至5月底；双膜和加温处理后虽然萌芽率略有降低，但坐果率提高，单性果率显著降低，果实硬度、色泽、可溶性固形物等品质指标都有不同程度提高。双膜覆盖和早期加温后种植效益显著提高，分别比单膜栽培提高了691%和1166%。

Effects of double membrane mulching and heating on fruit set and fruit quality of Fujiminori grape

The effects of double membrane mulching and early\|stage heating treatment on the temperature， phenophase and fruit quality of 3\|year\|old Fujiminori grape in greenhouse were studied. The results showed that: Compared with the control， the daily maximum temperature of double membrane and heating treatments was decreased by 34℃ and 48℃， whereas the daily minimum temperature increased from 08℃ to 42℃ and 77℃. After double\|membrane mulching and early\|stage heating， the days of high temperature above 40℃ reduced from six days to three days and one day， and the active accumulated temperature increased by 189℃ and 273℃ respectively. In double membrane and heating treatments， the phenological phases such as bud brust， anthesis and veraison were significantly ahead of schedule， and the harvest was advanced to mid\|May. The fruit\|setting rate increased after double\|membrane mulching and early\|stage heating， while the germination rates slightly reduced with a significant reduction in parthenocarpic fruit rate. Compared with the control， the fruit firmness， color， soluble solids and other quality indicators were improved in different degrees. Planting benefits were significantly improved after double\|membrane mulching and early\|stage heating， and the benefit per 667 square meters was improved by 691 percent and 1166 percent compared with the control.