三种桃砧木茎尖培养技术的研究

以砧选1号、东溪小仙桃、毛桃茎尖为试验材料进行组织培养，研究不同消毒处理、基本培养基、植物激素的种类和浓度对桃砧木茎尖初代、继代和生根培养的影响。结果表明：初代培养中最适宜消毒方法为75%酒精30 s和01%升汞（HgCl2）3 min，植株下部外植体成活率较高；MS（6-BA 0.5 mg·L-1，IBA 0.2 mg· L-1）为东溪小仙桃和砧选1号最佳初代培养基，成活率分别为73.33%和76.67%；适合毛桃和砧选1号的继代培养基为MS（6-BA 1.5 mg ·L-1，IBA 0.2 mg·L-1），适合东溪小仙桃的继代培养基MS（6-BA 2.0 mg·L-1，IBA 0.5 mg·L-1）；1/2MS基本培养基对嫩梢生根诱导效果最好，适宜毛桃和砧选1号的生根培养基为 1/2MS（IBA 1.0 mg·L-1），适宜东溪小仙桃的为1/2MS（IBA 0.5 mg·L-1）。

Tissue culture of shoot tip of three peach rootstocks

Tissue culture was carried out by using peach stems of Zhenxuan NO.1， Dongxixiaoxiantao and Maotao as the external plants. Effects of different sterilization methods， base media， kinds and concentration of phytohormone on the primary culture， multiplication culture and rooting culture of shoot tips of three peach rootstocks were studied. The results showed that the most optimal sterilization method for primary culture was sterilization with 75% alcohol for 30 s or 0.1% HgCl2 for 3 min， in which condition the higher survival rate of the bottom part of explants was found. The MS medium added with 0.5 mg·L-1 6|BA and 0.2 mg·L-1 IBA was most optimal for the primary culture of Dongxixiaoxiantao and Zhenxuan NO.1， whose survival rate was 73.33% and 76.67%， respectively. The MS medium added with 1.5 mg·L-1 6|BA and 0.2 mg·L-1 IBA was suitable for the multiplication culture of Maotao and Zhenxuan NO.1. The MS medium added with 2.0 mg·L-1 6|BA and 0.5 mg·L-1 IBA was suitable for multiplication culture of Dongxixiaoxiantao. The 1/2 MS medium was the most suitable medium for rooting culture. The 1/2 MS medium added with 1.0 mg·L-1 IBA was optimal for rooting culture of Maotao and Zhenxuan NO.1， and 1/2 MS medium added with 0.5 mg·L-1IBA was suitable for Dongxixiaoxiantao.