甘蔗/菜用大豆间作条件下根瘤菌与大豆品种匹配性研究

为了提高间种条件下甘蔗和菜用大豆的经济效益，筛选出在菜用大豆与甘蔗间作模式下与菜用大豆相匹配的菌肥，以2个根瘤菌菌肥CW和XFN-1和2个菜用大豆品种‘七星1号’和‘华春4号’为材料，研究了在菜用大豆与甘蔗间作模式下品种与根瘤菌菌肥的匹配性。结果表明：在菜用大豆与甘蔗间种下，接种CW和XFN-1根瘤菌菌肥使‘七星1号’和‘华春4号’2个品种的结瘤能力都显著提高；‘七星1号’的产量接菌后降低，不显著，而‘华春4号’接种CW根瘤菌菌肥后产量显著提高。这说明评价根瘤菌菌肥与大豆品种的匹配性应以产量指标为主要依据，直接利用大豆品种的结瘤能力不能很好地评价菌肥与品种的匹配性，因此‘七星1号’与CW和XFN-1根瘤菌菌肥不匹配，‘华春4号’与CW根瘤菌菌肥匹配性好。间作条件下，‘华春4号’不接菌处理每公顷鲜荚和荚秆产量分别为7846.9 kg和9499.9 kg，效益分别为28249元和19000元；‘华春4号’接种CW根瘤菌菌肥后每公顷鲜荚和荚秆产量分别为9418.0 kg和11172.0 kg，效益分别为33905元和22344元；收获鲜荚的效益远高于收获荚秆的效益，接种CW根瘤菌菌肥比不接菌处理增收20%。‘华春4号’接种CW根瘤菌菌肥，大豆单株多粒荚数、多粒荚重、百粒鲜重都显著提高，而其他农艺性状无影响，说明生物固氮的氮素能够协调大豆营养生长和促进生殖生长，从而显著提高大豆产量。

Symbiotic Matching Between Soybean Rhizobium and Vegetable Soybean Cultivars Under Vegetable Soybean Intercropped Sugarcane

In order to improve the economic effect of sugarcane and vegetable soybean, screen highly effective soybean rhizobium, two vegetable soybean varieties‘Qixing1’and‘Huachun4’and two rhizobums CW and XFN-1 were used as materials to evaluate the effect of inoculation as related to varieties under intercropping. The results showed that, inoculating rhizobiums CW and XFN-1 on the‘Qixing1’and‘Huachun4’, the ability of produce nodulation was improved significantly. The yield of‘Huachun4’with rhizobium CW increased significantly, but that of‘Qixing1’reduced slightly. So the production should be the main index of evaluation of rhizobiums with soybean varieties matching. The soybean cultivars nodulation ability was only one index evaluating rhizobiums with soybean varieties matching. Under intercropping conditions, the fresh pod yield per hectare of‘Huachun4’was 7846.9 kg, and the benefit was 28249 yuan per hectare, the pod stalk yield was 9499.9 kg, and the benefit was 19000 yuan. Inoculation of rhizobium CW increased‘Huachun4’yield significantly. The fresh pod yield per hectare was 9418.0 kg, and the benefit was 33905 yuan, the pod stalk yield was 11172.0 kg, and the benefit was 22344 yuan. So the benefits of the harvesting fresh pod were much higher than the pod stalk. Furthermore, the benefits of inoculation of rhizobium CW were increased 20% than no inoculation treatment. Inoculating rhizobium CW on‘Huachun4’, the single plant seed pod number, more seeds pod weights, 100-seed fresh weight were increased significantly, while the other agronomic characters were no effects. Consequently, the biological nitrogen fixation could coordinate soybean nutritional growth and promote reproductive growth. Thereby, improving the soybean yields were under the rhizobium matching with soybean varieties.