生态输水后塔里木河下游地下水水盐动态变化

塔里木河下游是我国生态环境问题最为突出的地区之一。由于人类不合理的资源开发 ,导致该地区环境问题日益突出。本文结合塔里木河下游生态输水 ,通过近 3a的监测和取样分析 ,就生态输水前后塔里木河下游地下水水盐动态变化进行了分析。结果显示 :1 .生态输水后地下水位在时间上和空间上各有其变化规律 ,在时间上近河道水位响应快 ,远河道水位响应慢。在空间上在距河道不同距离和不同河段地下水上升的幅度不同 ;2 .输水后 ,地下水的盐分变化远比水位的变化要复杂 ,但是总体上看水质是好转的 ;3.鉴于输水后地下水在不同断面上响应程度的巨大差异 ,生态输水工作有必要继续开展。同时 ,有必要对输水的方式进行适当调整。

The Dynamics of Water and Salt after Ecological Water Transport to the Lower Reaches of Tarim River

Due to human irrational resources exploit in recent 50 years, many environment problems have appeared at the lower reaches of Tarim River, which made the environment degradation of this region become serious. In order to restore the "Green Corridor" and the environment in the downstream, the emergency ecological water transport project in the lower reaches of the Tarim River was carried out from June12, 2000, and the water reached Taitema Lake finally. After three years' monitoring and analyzing to groundwater, the dynamic change of groundwater level and water quality was described in this article. The results were as follows: (1) the response of grounder-water level was very obvious, and it mainly presented in the temporal and spatial variation of groundwater level. (2) Since the water quality determined by many factors, the dynamic change of mineralization degree is much more complex than the dynamic change of groundwater level. In wholly, the mineralization degree of groundwater got better. (3) Great differences existed in the groundwater response to ecological water transport in different sections. In general, the respond range become smaller and smaller from the upriver part to downstream part. Therefore, the project of ecological water transport should go on for ecological restoration in this region.