星天牛行为及控制技术研究Ⅰ.天牛行为及危害木麻黄规律的研究

通过野外调查和室内外人工饲养,结果表明星天牛Anoplophorachinensis(Forster)]成虫大多在白天活动,在自然条件下有趋向木麻黄防护林带飞翔的行为。雌、雄成虫一生可多次交尾,每天8时和16时为交尾高峰。成虫补充营养最喜欢取食苦楝树(MeliaazedarachL.)。苦楝树饲养雌虫每头产卵156～198粒,平均176 4粒,是木麻黄饲养的3 10倍;取食苦楝树的雌虫寿命72～110d,平均91 8d;雄虫寿命88～125d,平均103d,雌、雄成虫分别比取食木麻黄(Casuarinaequi setifolia)的多存活30 2d、40d。幼虫主要集中在离地面40cm高度内的树干根际附近,占总虫数的94 8%。1年生林分受害株至第2年5月成虫羽化期死亡率最高,达66 7%,3～7年生林分有虫株率最高;7年生以下林分应重点防治。在生境条件相似的同龄林中,星天牛则喜欢危害基径较大的木麻黄,6cm以下的树则较少受害。

Studies on the Anoplophora chinensis Beheavior and Control Technique

Through the field investigation,outdoor and indoor manual breeding,the results reveal that the adult Anoplophora chinensis mostly move about by day,which takes the action of flying with the tendency towards the Casuarina equisetifolia. protective forest belt on the nature condition.The female and male adults may copulate for many times in their lives.8∶00 and 16∶00 everyday are the time of copulated peak.The adults like to take Melia azedarach for eating most as their addition nutrient.Every female insect bred with M.azedarach produces 156～198 eggs,and produces 1764 eggs on the average,which is 310 times as large as the number of eggs produced by that bred with C.equisetifolia.The life of female insect takes M.azedarach for eating is 72～110 days long,and is 918 days long on the average;the male insect life is 88～125 days long,and is 103 days long on the average,the female and male adults survive those take C.equisetifolia for eating by 302 days and 40 days respectively.The larvae mainly concentrate near the rhizospheres of tree stems within the height of 40 cm from the ground,of which the number accounts for 948% of total insect number. The death rate of damaged 1-year-old stand trees is highest in May,the next year during the adult emergence period,which reaches 667%;the rate of 3～7-year-old stand trees with insects is highest;the stands whose age is under 7 should be controlled specially. In the even-aged forests with similiar habitat conditions,A.chinensis likes to damage C.equisetifolia whose basal diameter is relatively big,whereas the trees whose basal diameter is under 6 cm are less damaged.