茶足柄瘤蚜茧蜂引种研究

茶足柄瘤蚜茧蜂,于1983年由美国俄克拉何马州引到陕西省泾阳县,可寄生于麦二叉蚜、棉蚜、豆蚜、酸模蚜、禾谷缢管蚜、玉米蚜。1983～1986年在棉田、小麦田、杂草地及植物园温室分别放蜂21307、11508、2933和19562头。1987年调查放蜂结果:棉田棉蚜僵蚜出蜂172头中,未见引进蜂;小麦田禾谷缢管蚜和麦二叉蚜分别出蜂34和314头,各有引进蜂1头;杂草地豆蚜出蜂420头中,有引进蜂6头;在植物园温室扶桑与海桐上僵蚜率分别为49.3％和32.2％,全是引进蜂。对影响茶足柄瘤蚜茧蜂在陕西定殖的因素作了讨论。

FIELD RELEASE AND RECOVERY OF AN INTRODUCED APHID PARASITOID, LYSIPHLEBUS TESTACEIPES [HYM.:BRACONIDAE] IN SHAANXI

Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson) was Introduced from Oklahoma, U.S.A. to Shaanxi in 1983. Several aphid species, including Schizaphis graminum, Aphis gossypii, A. craccivora, A-rumicie, Rhophlosiphum padi, and R. maidis were found to be the hosts of the parasitoid. During 1983-1986, a total number of 21,307, 11,508, 2,933 and 19,562 of the parasitoids were released on cotton, wheat, wasted weedy lands, and three greenhouses of the Xian Botanical Garden, respectively. Results of the recovery samples in 1987 were: no L. testaceipes from the 172 parasitized aphids of the cotton fields; one emerged from 34 S. graminum and one from 314 R. padi of the wheat fields; 6 from 420 A. Craccivora of the weedy lands. The aphid parasitization on two ornamentals, Hibiscus rosea-sinensis and Pittosporum tobira in the greenhouses were 49. 3% and 32.2%, respectively, all the emerged parasitoids were L. testaceipes. Factors influencing the establishment of the introduced parasite in Shaanxi is also discussed.