养分管理对寒地水稻干物质积累及运转的影响

采用田间小区试验方法,一般产量水平(25穴·m-2,目标产量9.0t·hm-2)下,设置习惯施肥、优化施肥,在高产水平(28穴·m-2,目标产量10.5t·hm-2)下,设置常规高产施肥和优化高产施肥,共4个处理,研究了养分管理对寒地水稻干物质积累及分配的影响。结果表明,与农民习惯施肥相比,优化施肥在节约氮肥30%的条件下,通过增加后期施氮比例,使抽穗后干物质积累总量提高11.2%,产量提高了11.6%,均达到了显著水平(P0.05);优化高产施肥模式在比常规高产施肥模式节约12%的氮肥的条件下,抽穗后干物质积累量提高16.6%,产量增加了7.2%,也达到显著水平(P0.05)。结果证明,水稻产量随着抽穗后干物质增加而显著增加,因此抽穗后干物质的增加对水稻高产更重要。

Effect of nutrient management on dry matter accumulation and trans location of rice in cold area

A plot experiment was set with two transplanting densities and two nutrient management methods.Farmers' fertilization practice(T1) and integrated nitrogen management(T2) were set with density of 25 holes·m-2 and expecting yield 9.0 t·hm-2.Normal high yield fertilization practice(T3) and high yield fertilization practice with integrated nitrogen management(T4) were set with density of 28 holes·m-2 and expecting yield is 10.5 t·hm-2.The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different nutrient managements on dry matter accumulation and distribution of rice.The results showed that T2 increased dry matter accumulation after heading stage and yield of rice by 11.2% and 11.6% to T1 on the condition of saving 30% nitrogen fertilizer,both showed significantly different(P<0.05).And T4 increased dry matter accumulation after heading stage and yield of rice by 16.6% and 7.2% to T3 on the condition of saving 12% nitrogen fertilizer,both showed significantly different either(P<0.05).Rice yield level increased with dry matter accumulation increase,and there was a significant correlation between yield and dry matter accumulation after heading stage.Therefore,the accumulation of dry matter after heading stage plays a more important role on yield of rice.