不同稻区节肢动物群落中捕食者与猎物的种类与数量特征

根据在浙江富阳、江苏句容和河南郑州，对三种不同生态类型稻区节肢动物群落的系统调查，明确了捕食性天敌与其猎物在种类和数量上的相互作用以及季节动态方式。用经过原点的直线回归分析，捕食者的种类是猎物的１．５２５倍。从数量上看，猎物多于捕食者，二者平均比率约为１：４。捕食者与猎物之间具有跟随现象，但一般滞后７～１４天。优势种捕食者如黑肩绿盲蝽、狼蛛、微蛛及食虫沟瘤蛛对以白背飞虱、褐飞虱（富阳、句容）、黑尾叶蝉、灰飞虱（郑州）为主的害虫种群具有显著的控制效应，应注意保护利用。

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SPECIES RICHNESS AND ABUNDANCE OF PREDATORS AND PREYS IN THE ARTHROPOD COMMUNITY OF THREE RICE ECOSYSTEMS IN CHINA

ield sampling on the arthropod community was conducted in 3 rice ecosystems,Fuyang (FY),Zkengzhou (ZZ) and Juruu g (JR) in Zhejiang, Henan and Jiangsupruvinces,respectively,during the cropping seasons of 1991 and 1992. Present paperdeals with the basic features of the speies (taxa) composition and abundance ofpredators and preys.The prey:predator ratio of the taxa number varied between 0.435-1.381 with an average of 0.7266. The richest taxa of predators was recorded as 102 inZZ,where the rice is planted after winter wheat. The data showed the abundance ratioof the prey:predator varied between 2.081-4.665,with an average of 4.029.Seasonalfluctuation of predators followed the preys with an about 7-14 days delaying.Linearregression through the origin indicated that the predation strength, expressed as a slopeb,closely relied on the rice ecosystem types.The predominant predators,such asCyrtorrhinus lividipennis,Ummeliata insaticeps, wolf spiders and dwarf spiders,effectivelydepress the pest population development of leafhoppers and planthoppers.