耿马甘蔗种植区土壤速效养分状况分析

为了解甘蔗产区土壤养分状况，并根据养分丰缺情况进行合理科学的施肥，最终实现甘蔗高产高糖，笔者对云南省甘蔗种植面积最大的耿马县进行土壤取样分析，共采集了737份土样检测养分含量。研究结果显示：耿马县甘蔗种植区95%以上的土壤属酸性土壤，60%以上的土壤有机质含量属于中上水平，70%以上的土壤碱解氮属于中上水平，80%上的土壤有效磷属于中下水平，严重缺磷，70%以上的土壤速效钾含量属于中下水平，缺钾。对照高产高糖甘蔗栽培技术土壤要求，耿马县甘蔗施肥建议稳氮、增磷、增钾。

Analysis of Soil Available Nutrient in Gengma Sugarcane Fields

In order to understand soil nutrient status in sugarcane producing area, and scientific fertilization according to soil nutrient abundance and deficiency conditions, realize high yield and high glucose of sugarcane ultimately, the author analyzed 737 soil samples from Gengma which had the largest sugarcane producing area in Yunnan. The results showed that, 95% of the soil in sugarcane producing area in Gengma was acid soil, organic matter content of 60% soil and available nitrogen content of 70% soil were above the average, while the available phosphorus content of 80% soil was below the average and phosphorus deficiency was serious. Available potassium content of 70% soil was below the average and potassium was deficient. The soil of Gengma was seriously short of phosphorus and potassium. According to the soil requirement of high yield and high glucose sugarcane cultivation, fertilization in Gengma should be keeping stable nitrogen with the increase of phosphorus and potassium.