越冬前低温锻炼期间不同品种葡萄枝条中渗透性物质和保护酶活性的变化

通过越冬前的低温锻炼,全球红、巨峰、里扎马特3个鲜食葡萄品种枝条中脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量均明显增加,低温锻炼中期积累最快;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性显著升高,SOD活性的提高主要在低温锻炼的前、中期,且上升平缓,POD活性的提高主要在前期,中后期不再提高;质膜相对透性在前中期变化不大,后期明显上升。从品种来看,经低温锻炼后,全球红枝条中脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量及SOD、POD活性均相对较高,巨峰次之,里扎马特较低。从时间进程来看,在低温锻炼诱导葡萄抗寒性过程中,POD活性提高在前,游离脯氨酸积累在后,之后是质膜相对透性的提高。

Changes of contents of osmosis substances and antioxidant enzyme activity in grape vines during cold exercise period before over-wintering

Experiment was carried out with Red Globe, Kyoho and Rizamat grape cultivars, which had different cold tolerance. Results showed after cold exercise period before over-wintering, the contents of proline and soluble carbohydrate accumulation was different. The accumulation rose distinctively at the middle stage of the process. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) increased significantly. SOD activity increased at the early and middle stage, but that of POD was just at the early time. Membrane permeability in the shoots rose at the late stage. Among these 3 cultivars, the increase of osmosis substances and antioxidant enzyme activity after cold exercise period in Red Globe's shoots were higher than that of Kyoho and Rizamat. During the progress of cold exercise, the POD activity increased first, then the accumulation of proline and the membrane permeability.