镉低积累水稻品种筛选及其在镉超标稻田的表现评价

【目的】筛选镉低积累型水稻品种并开展镉超标稻田表现评价研究，为广西中低度镉污染稻田生产安全稻米提供品种和数据参考。【方法】以114份（V1~V114）水稻低镉品种育种材料为试验对象，从中筛选综合性状优良且籽粒表现为镉低积累的目标材料；对目标材料进行大田试验和盆栽试验验证，测定其在广西不同试验点的农艺性状和精米镉含量。【结果】初步筛选试验的114份参试材料中，除V102的精米镉含量低于最低检测值外，其余113份水稻育种材料的精米镉含量范围在0.01~0.35 mg/kg，平均值为0.10 mg/kg，筛选得到综合性状优良且精米镉含量较低的材料V111（审定后名称为桂育12）。桂育12在中低度镉污染区大田验证种植时，精米镉含量（0.01~0.10 mg/kg）未超出国家标准GB 2762—2017《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》规定的限值（0.20 mg/kg）。盆栽试验结果表明，在pH为5.0，土壤镉含量3.0 mg/kg条件下，桂育12精米镉含量（0.34 mg/kg）有超标风险；各试验中土壤镉含量对桂育12部分农艺性状指标影响显著（P<0.05），但属于品种种植的正常波动范围，对米质和产量的综合影响有限。【结论】从114份水稻材料中筛选出的镉低积累品种桂育12，经多年多点试验验证，在中低度镉污染稻田产出的稻米镉含量不超标，籽粒镉低积累性状较稳定，综合性状表现受土壤镉含量影响较小，可在广西中低度镉污染稻田推广应用。

Screening of rice varieties with low cadmium accumulation and evaluation of their performance in rice fields with cadmium exceeding standard

【Objective】Screened rice varieties with low cadmium accumulation and carried out evaluation research on rice field performance with cadmium exceeding the standard to provide variety and data reference for the production of safe rice in Guangxi’s medium and low-level cadmium-polluted rice fields.【Method】114 breeding materials of low-cadmium rice varieties（V1-V114）were selected as the test objects，and the target materials with excellent comprehensive properties and low cadmium accumulation were selected from the target materials；field tests and pot experiments were carried out to verify the target materials，their agronomic characteristics and polished rice cadmium content were tested at different test sites in Guangxi.【Result】Among the 114 tested materials in the preliminary screening test，except for the cadmium content in polished rice of V102 which was lower than the lowest detection value，the cadmium content in polished rice of the remaining 113 rice breeding materials ranged from 0.01 to 0.35 mg/kg，with an average value of 0.10 mg/ kg. The material V111 with excellent comprehensive properties and low cadmium content in polished rice was screened （named Guiyu 12 after certification）. When Guiyu 12 was planted in fields with medium and low levels of cadmium pollution，the cadmium content of polished rice（0.01-0.10 mg/kg）did not exceed the limit specified in the national standard GB 2762-2017 National Food Safety Standard Limits of Contaminants in Food（0.20 mg/kg）. The pot experiment results showed that under the conditions of pH 5.0 and soil cadmium content of 3.0 mg/kg，the cadmium content（0.34 mg/kg）of Guiyu 12 polished rice was at risk of exceeding the standard. The soil cadmium content in each experiment had a significant impact on some agronomic indicators of Guiyu 12（P<0.05），but it belonged to the normal fluctuation range of the variety planting，and the comprehensive impact on rice quality and yield was limited.【Conclusion】A low cadmium accumulation variety Guiyu 12 is selected from 114 rice materials. After years of multi-site experiments，it is verified that the cadmium content in rice produced by Guiyu 12 does not exceed the standard in the middle and low-level cadmium-contaminated rice fields，and the low cadmium accumulation traits in grains are relatively stable. The performance of comprehensive traits is less affected by soil cadmium content，which can be applied and popularized in Guangxi rice fields with low and medium cadmium pollution.