中国农作物商业化育种现状及发展对策

摘 要：近年来，在国外种子企业冲击下，国内种业全线动摇，市场的控制权面临易手，农作物安全遭遇挑战[1]。为了探讨开展农作物商业化育种的科学方法，通过对当前中国商业化育种现状与国外种业存在的差距进行了较为详尽的分析，阐述了当前我国种业发展的新形势，分析了科技型种子企业、成长型棉种子企业和经营型种子企业实现商业化育种的途径。总结出商业化育种的概念，提出了中国农作物商业化育种总体目标、育种途径和育种策略，认为中国要成为世界种业强国，必需拥有国际一流的跨国种业集团，以及分工明确的现代种业创新体系和先进高效的商业化育种模式。

The Status Quo and Development Strategies of Commercial Breeding Crops in China

In recent years, the domestic seed industry had challenged by foreign seed companies. The control of the market was facing changes, and the safety of crop was being challenged. In order to explore the scientific methods of conducting commercialization of crop breeding, the status of commercial crop breeding and the gap between domestic and foreign seed industry were illustrated in this paper with detailed analysis. The paper described the current development of domestic seed industry, analyzed methods of achieving commercial breeding for tech seed companies, growing seed companies, and business seed companies. The concept of commercial breeding was concluded, also the overall goal, breeding methods, and breeding strategies of commercial breeding crops in China was proposed. It suggested if China was to become the No.1 country of the world seed industry, multinational seed corporation, modern seed innovation system with clear division of labor, and advanced and efficient commercial breeding system were needed.