添加赖氨酸对小尾寒羊瘤胃消化代谢的影响

试验选用5只1.5岁左右装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的小尾寒羊公羊(体重约45 kg),按照5×5拉丁方试验设计(对照组、低尿素对照(等氮)组、低赖氨酸组、高尿素对照(等氮)组、高赖氨酸组),研究添加未经任何处理的市售赖氨酸对成年小尾寒羊瘤胃微生物群落、瘤胃消化代谢和整体消化代谢的影响。赖氨酸盐酸盐添喂量分别为0、4.0和8.0 g/kg日粮(干物质计)。结果表明,绵羊添加4.0和8.0 g/kg赖氨酸盐酸盐日粮,自由采食量分别比对照组增加5.5%(P>0.05)和11.8%(P<0.05),瘤胃细菌总数分别增加18.9%(P<0.01)和23.9%(P<0.01),其中球菌分别增加21.2%(P<0.01)和30.1%(P<0.01),大杆菌数量减少16.7%(P<0.05)和33.3%(P<0.01),瘤胃液总挥发性脂肪酸分别比对照组增加9.6%(P<0.05)和12.2%(P<0.01),其中丁酸分别增加12.8%(P>0.05)和20.2%(P<0.01),有机物表观消化率分别增加6.4%(P>0.05)和10.0%(P<0.05),粗蛋白质表观消化率分别比对照组增加7.0%(P>0.05)和18.3%(P<0.01),氮保留率分别增加46.4%(P>0.05)和110.7%(P<0.01)。然而,添加赖氨酸对绵羊瘤胃原虫和真菌数量、瘤胃液氨态氮浓度均无显著影响(P>0.05)。由本试验得出结论,给成年小尾寒羊添加一定量的未经任何处理的市售赖氨酸,可提高小尾寒羊的日粮自由采食量和消化率,增加氮保留率;可调控瘤胃微生物群落的组成,增加瘤胃细菌总数,主要是瘤胃球菌数量;以上这些添加赖氨酸的作用是添加等氮量尿素所不能完全替代的。

Effect of Lysine Supplement on the Digestion and Metabolism of the Rumen in Small-tail Han Sheep

5 male Small-tail Han sheep with the body weight of 45 kg at 1.5 years old,fitted with permanent rumen fistula,to study of the effect of the supplement of the untreated commercial lysine on the rumen microbiocoenosis,rumen metabolism and whole body metabolism by 5×5 Latin square design (5 groups:control,control with low urea (equal nitrogen),low lysine,control with high urea (equal nitrogen),high lysine).The amounts of lysine-HCl supplement were 0,4.0 and 8.0 g/kg diet (as DM basis) in each group respectively,with two urea supplement control groups of equal amount of nitrogen.The results showed that by supplement of 4.0 and 8.0 g/kg of lysine-HCl diet (as DM basis) respectively,the voluntary intake of dry matter of sheep were increased by 5.5%(P>0.05) and 11.8%(P<0.05) respectively.The total amount of rumen bacteria were increased by 18.9%(P<0.01) and 23.9%(P<0.01) respectively,as the amount of rumen Coccus was increased by 21.2%(P<0.01) and 30.1%(P<0.01) respectively.The amount of rumen big Bacillus was decreased by 16.7%(P<0.05) and 33.3%(P<0.01) respectively.The total VFA of was increased by 9.6%(P<0.05) and 12.2%(P<0.01) respectively,as the butyric acid was increased by 12.8%(P>0.05) and 20.2%(P<0.01) respectively.The apparent digestibility of organic matter was increased by 6.4%(P>0.05) and 10.0%(P<0.05) respectively,the apparent digestibility of crude protein was increased by 7.0%(P>0.05) and 18.3%(P<0.01) respectively;And nitrogen retention was increased by 46.4%(P>0.05) and 110.7%(P<0.01) respectively.However,there was no effect of lysine supplement on the amounts of the rumen protozoa and fungi,and the concentration of rumen ammonia nitrogen.It was concluded that the supplement of untreated commercial lysine to adult sheep would increase the voluntary intake,digestibility,nitrogen retention the rumen microbiocoenosis and the total amount of rumen bacteria,especially the rumen Coccus of adult sheep.The effect of lysine supplement could not be replaced by urea supplement completely.