舍饲母羊养分摄入量与血清生化指标动态变化分析

本试验通过研究不同妊娠期母羊在舍饲条件下养分摄入量与血清生化指标的动态变化,为舍饲山羊日粮的合理配制和健康状态分析提供依据。随机选择空怀期、妊娠前期和妊娠后期健康母山羊各10只,测定其采食量;随机选择空怀期,妊娠1、2、3、4月及临产健康母羊各8只,以及临产病母羊6只,测定其7项血清生化指标。结果表明:①与NRC(2007)山羊营养需要量相比,空怀期和妊娠前期母羊对干物质、代谢能和粗蛋白质的摄入量高于需要量,但妊娠后期母羊相应的摄入量低于需要量;各阶段母羊对钙和磷的摄入量均远高于需要量;②从空怀、妊娠到临产,母羊的血清葡萄糖含量逐渐下降(3.44至2.57 mmol/L),血清酮体含量逐渐升高(14.93~23.55 μg/mL),而临产病母羊的血清葡萄糖含量显著降至0.85 mmol/L(P<0.05),血清酮体含量显著升至42.98 μg/mL (P<0.05);血清总蛋白含量呈下降趋势(70.55至59.94 g/L),但血清白蛋白含量(33.55至32.61 g/L)变化不大,临产病母羊血清总蛋白(56.79 g/L)和白蛋白(29.72 g/L)含量进一步降低;血清钙(2.21至2.19 mmol/L)和磷(2.62至2.25 mmol/L)含量变化不大,而临产病母羊的血清钙(1.80 mmol/L)含量显著降低(P<0.05),血清磷含量下降至2.17 mmol/L;血清碱性磷酸酶活性呈下降趋势(258.57至104.35 U/L),但临产病母羊的血清碱性磷酸酶活性突然升高至180.53 U/L。综上所述,妊娠后期母羊能量摄入不足,是导致妊娠母羊血清葡萄糖等逐渐降低、酮体逐渐升高的根本原因,临产病母羊诊断为妊娠毒血症,建议调整母羊日粮结构,分阶段饲喂,增加妊娠后期母羊能量摄入量。

Analysis on Dynamic Changes of Nutrient Intake and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Barn Feeding Ewes

In order to research the dynamic changes of nutrient intake and serum biochemical indexes of barn feeding ewes in different pregnant stages, and provide evidence for reasonable diet formulation and health state analysis of barn feeding goats, each 10 healthy female goats in non-pregnancy, early pregnancy and late pregnancy were randomly selected in this experiment, whose feed intake were determined;6 ill parturient ewes and each 8 healthy female goats in non-pregnancy, 1 month pregnancy, 2 months pregnancy, 3 months pregnancy, 4 months pregnancy and labor were randomly selected in this experiment, whose 7 serum biochemical indexes were determined.The results showed as follows:① In comparison to NRC(2007) goat nutritional requirements, DM, ME and CP intakes were more than the requirements in non-pregnant and early pregnant ewes, while DM, ME and CP intakes were less than the requirements in late pregnant ewes;Ca and P intakes were much more than the requirements in various stages of ewes.② From non-pregnancy, pregnancy to labor, healthy ewes' GLU content decreased (3.44 to 2.57 mmol/L) and KB content increased (14.93 to 23.55 μg/mL), while ill parturient ewes'GLU content was significantly decreased to 0.85 mmol/L(P<0.05) and KB content was significantly increased to 42.98 μg/mL (P<0.05);Healthy ewes' TP content decreased (70.55 to 59.94 g/L) and ALB content had little change (33.55 to 32.61 g/L), while ill parturient ewes' TP and ALB content both further decreased (56.79 and 29.72 g/L, respectively);Healthy ewes' Ca and P content had little change (2.21 to 2.19, 2.62 to 2.25 mmol/L, respectively), while ill parturient ewes' Ca (1.80 mmol/L, P<0.05) and P (2.17 mmol/L) content both decreased;Healthy ewes'AKP content decreased (258.57 to 104.35 U/L), but ill parturient ewes'AKP content increased (180.53 U/L).All the analysis showed that the inadequate energy intake of ewes in late pregnancy was the root cause of the decreased GLU and other serum biochemical indexes contents and the increased KB contents and the ill parturient ewes was diagnosed as pregnancy toxemia.Therefore, the ewes'diet formulation should be adjusted, different stages of ewes should be separated to feed, the energy intake of ewes in late pregnancy should be increased.