蓄水控灌模式对水稻产量和水分生产效率的影响

蓄水控灌模式主要是基于水稻对旱、涝的双重适应性,通过降低灌溉控制下限,同时抬高稻田的雨后拦蓄深度和延长降雨在稻田的滞蓄时间来提高雨水资源利用效率的一种灌溉模式。以杂交水稻"K优818"为试验材料,采用小区试验进行了3年试验观测,研究了水稻蓄水控灌模式对降雨利用效率、灌排水量、灌排次数、籽粒产量和水分生产效率的影响,并与常规淹水灌溉和控制灌溉试验进行了分析比较。结果表明,蓄水控灌模式可减少灌排次数和灌排水量,雨水利用效率和水分生产效率明显提高,而产量并未降低。但蓄水深度过大,水稻有小幅减产。上述结果表明水稻蓄水控灌是一种节水、高效、省工的灌溉模式,适于南方多雨地区使用。

Grain Yield and Water Production Efficiency of "Rain-water Storage and Controllable Irrigation(RSCI)Mode" of Rice

Rain-water storage and controllable irrigation(RSCI) is a mode that improves the utilization of rainfall by both lowing the control limit of irrigation and increasing the water-catching depth while prolonging rainfall resorting in paddy field after the rain based on the tolerance of rice to drought and waterlogging.The response characteristics of Rainfall use efficiency,quota and frequency of irrigation and drainage,yield and water production efficiency under RSCI compared with continuous flooding irrigation(CFI) and controllable irrigation(CI) were investigated by field experiments conducted in Hohai University Water Saving Park with hybrid rice cultivar "K you 818" as material for three years.The results showed that RSCI could reduce quota and frequency of irrigation and drainage while increase rainwater use efficiency and water production efficiency significantly without decrease of grain yield.Grain yield decreased slightly only when the water depth after rainfall was too high.The results indicated RSCI would be a labor and water-saving and high-efficiency irrigation mode of rice suitable for the use of the southern rainy regions.