不同高产玉米品种抗旱性的比较研究

为了有效筛选出适合鲁东半干旱区应用的夏玉米品种，以山东省目前主推的9个玉米品种为试材，通过2010-2011年连续2年防雨棚控水干旱试验，以抗旱隶属度、抗旱指数为评价参数，对各品种进行抗旱性综合评价。结果表明，干旱胁迫导致各品种玉米株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粒重均不同程度地降低，茎秆变细，秃尖变长，产量降低。年份间比较，2011年夏玉米植株性状、穗部性状、地上部干物重、产量均显著高于2010年。以茎秆性状、穗部性状、地上部干物重及产量指标隶属度的平均值为综合评价标准，‘登海701’为典型抗旱性品种；‘莱农14’、‘农大108’、‘金海5号’为抗旱性较强的品种；‘登海662’、‘郑单958’、‘中科11’、‘浚单20’为抗旱性弱的品种；‘青农105’在2年内的隶属度值差异较大，其抗旱性有待进一步研究。

Identification of Drought Resistance of Different High-yield Maize Cultivars

The drought tolerance analysis of nine popularized maize cultivars in Shandong Province was studied under rain-shedding water control condition for 2010-2011. The drought tolerance of different cultivars was assessed based on indexes of subordinate function values （SV） of drought resistance and drought index （DI） of yield. The results showed that, compared with control, the yield of maize decreased obviously, the height of plant, ear position, stem diameter, ear length and grain weight per ear all declined, while bald length increased under water stress condition. The plant character, ear character, dry weight of aboveground and yield in 2011 were all performed better than that in 2010. Attached to the subordinate function values for the assessment of average standard, ＇ Denghai 701＇ was drought-tolerant cuhivar, ＇ Lai-nong 14＇, ＇ Nongda 108＇, ＇Jinhai 5＇ were medium drought-resistant cultivars, ＇Denghai 662＇, ＇Zhengdan 958＇, ＇Zhongke 11＇, ＇Jundan20＇ were drought-sensitive cuhivars, while the drought resistance of ＇Qingnong 105＇ would be further studied because of its subordinate function values was inconsistent between two year experiments.