山东博山中华猕猴桃生长气候条件分析

博山地处鲁中山区,光照充足,属北方长日照地区。该区处在鲁山山脉的迎风坡,降水充沛,年均气温11.3～11.9℃,没有大于35℃的高温日数,昼夜温差大,四季分明,在海拔400～600 m高度层中,一年四季都有相对逆温。夏季气候凉爽,不易形成猕猴桃高温热害;冬季"暖带效应"为猕猴桃安全越冬创造了良好气候条件。但由于该区地形复杂,初终霜冻的出现日期差异较大,常遭受早霜及晚霜天气为害。由于降水量的年际变化大,季节分配不均,春、秋旱及夏伏旱均有一定的发生,因此,在建园的时候,应选择向阳背风的、面向东南或东向的缓坡地(15°以下),靠近塘坝、河流、机井等水源的地方选址,发展适度灌溉以及现代农业节水灌溉设施以及发展适当的现代设施农业才能更好地趋利避害,提高广大种植户的经济效益。

Growth Climatic Condition Analysis for Kiwifruit in Southern Boshan Hilly Area,Shandong

Boshan,located in Zhongshan hilly area with adequate light,belongs to the northern long-day area.The area locates in the windward slope of Lushan mountains of abundant precipitation,with an average annual temperature of 11.3 ℃ to 11.9 ℃,no more than 35 DEG C high temperature days,big temperature difference between the day and night,distinct seasons and all the year round relative inversion at an altitude of 400～600 m layer.The summer climate is cool,not easy to form high temperature damage to kiwi;the effect of "warm winter "created favorable climate condition for kiwi to overwinter.But,because of the complex terrain in this area,first and last frost date appear big differences,early frost and late frost weather hazards were suffered from.As a result of precipitation interannual variability,uneven seasonal distribution,spring,summer and autumn droughts occurred.So it is required in the garden site choosing,it should be chosen in places where has a southern exposure,or in lee side,southeast or east slope(15 DEG),near the pond,river,well and other water sources location.It is important to develop the moderate irrigation and modern agricultural water-saving irrigation facilities and to develop appropriate modern facility agriculture to draw on the advantages and avoid disadvantages and to improve the economic benefits of the majority of farmers.