减库对荞麦籽粒灌浆特性及产量的影响

【目的】明确荞麦Fagopyrum esculentum Moench的源库关系。【方法】以荞麦品种丰甜1号为材料,在开花后7d进行减库处理(剪去未开花朵与花序),以未处理的作对照,测定荞麦的主要农艺性状和代谢产物的含量,并使用Richards方程模拟种子的灌浆进程。【结果】灌浆中前期减库处理,荞麦叶片可溶性糖和叶绿素含量与对照差异不显著,成熟期株高、分枝数、主茎节数与对照差异不显著。减库处理有利于荞麦灌浆中前期籽粒碳水化合物的快速积累,但成熟期单株粒数和单株粒质量与对照差异不显著,且产量显著下降。减库处理和对照曲线方程的决定系数R2分别为0.996和0.992,拟合度较好。【结论】Richards生长曲线能较好拟合荞麦灌浆进程;源不足或光合产物分配不合理是限制荞麦产量提高的重要因素,调控光合产物合成及有效分配是提高甜荞产量的有效途径。

Effects of sink-limiting treatment on grain filling characteristics and yield of Fagopyrum esculentum

Objective] To explore the source-sink relationship in buckwheat ( Fagopyrum esculentum Moench).Method]The common buckwheat cultivar Fengtian 1 was selected as material .Treatment ( cutting the unopened flowers and inflorescences ) was conducted at the 7th day after flowering , and non-treatment was used as control .The major agronomic characteristics and metabolite contents were meas-ured, and the grain filling process was evaluated with Richards mathematical equation .Result]There was no significant difference in the contents of soluble sugar and chlorophyll between sink -limiting treat-ment and control during the early-middle grain filling , as well as the plant height , branch number , node number at maturity .The carbohydrate accumulation was accelerated during the early-middle grain filling under sink-limiting treatment .However , there was no significant difference in the grain number per plant and grain weight per plant between sink-limiting treatment and control .Compared with control , the yield of treatment significantly decreased .The determination coefficients ( R2 ) of treatment and control were 0.996 and 0.992 respectively , which showed that the Richards growth curve well reflected buckwheat grain filling process .Conclusion]The Richards growth curve is suitable for estimating buckwheat grain filling process .The insufficient source or unreasonable distribution of photosynthate is an important limit-ing factor for buckwheat yield improvement .Adjusting photosynthate synthesis and allocation should be effective to increase buckwheat yield .