不同因素对油菜菜薹品质的影响

研究播期、密度和采薹长度对油菜菜薹品质的影响。以薹油两用的"杂780"为材料,研究不同的播期、密度和采薹长度对油菜菜薹的产量和品质的影响。菜薹粗度随栽培密度的增加而下降;密度适中的单薹重最高;随播期的推迟,根茎粗度下降,主茎变细,单薹重和薹叶重占菜薹总重的比例下降;随栽培密度的增大,菜薹粗度变小,单薹重量下降,菜薹节间变长;肥料的种类和和使用方法对菜薹的外形有一定的影响;菜薹纤维素含量随播期的推迟而下降,播期适中密度大、播期适中密度中等的维生素c含量最高,不同长度油菜菜薹的干物质含量有较大的差异,粗蛋白和Vc含量无明显差异。菜薹长度对菜薹的营养品质影响最大。春节上市的菜薹应在9月5日左右播种,密度以11.25万~15.00万株/hm2为宜,采摘长度以15~20 cm为宜。

Effects of Different Factors on the Quality of Rape Bolt

The aim was to study the influences of sowing date,density and bolt-picking length on the quality of rape bolt.With bolt and seed oil dual purpose rape "Za 780" as material,the influences of different sowing dates,densities and bolt lengths on the yield and quality of rape bolt were analyzed.The bolt thickness decreased along with the planting density increasing.The single bolt weight in the treatment with moderate density was highest.The rhizome thickness decreased,the main stem became thin,single bolt weight and the ratio of leaves weight on the bolt to total bolt weight decreased along with the sowing date delaying.The bolt thickness and single bolt weight decreased and the internode length of bolt increased along with the planting density increasing.The kind and using way of fertilizers had some influences on bolt shape.The fiber content of bolt decreased along with the sowing date delaying.Vc content in the treatment with big and moderate density with moderate sowing date was highest.The rape bolts with different lengths had big difference in dry matter content and no obvious difference in crud protein and Vc contents.The bolt length had the most influence on the nutrient quality of bolt.The bolts sold in Chinese Spring Festival should be sowed on about the 5th of September,with suitable density of 11.25×104～15.00×104 plants/hm2 so that the bolt-picking length was 15～20 cm.