稻草、黄麻纤维、棕榈叶的吸水性和腐解速率研究

 由于地表覆盖物吸水特性直接影响径流产生过程，而其腐解特性又关系到地表覆盖物保水保土作用的持久性，因此本试验研究了在相同条件下稻草、黄麻纤维和棕榈叶分别在5min，10min，30min和1h，6h，12h，24h内的吸水性差异以及100d内的腐解情况。结果表明：在浸泡5min和10min时，吸水量为黄麻纤维 ＞稻草＞棕榈叶，而从30min～24h期间，则为稻草＞黄麻纤维＞棕榈叶。3种材料的吸水速率在5min时最大，以后不断减小，且在24h内未达到吸水饱和；在腐解100d内，黄麻纤维腐解残留率最小，稻草最大，棕榈叶居中，三者都是前40d腐解较快，黄麻纤维和棕榈叶在后期腐解趋于平缓，而稻草则在后期腐解速率有增快趋势；腐解过程中3种材料的土壤含水量、温度变化大部分情况差异不显著；C/N比都逐渐减小，后期基本趋于稳定。

Research on Water Absorption Characteristic and Decomposition Velocity of Rice Straw,Jute Fibre and Palm Leaf

The water absorption characteristics of geotextile can influence runoff producing process directly, and their decomposition characteristics relate to the geotextile durability for soil and water conservation.In this paper, the water absorption differences of rice straw, palm leave and jute fibre in 5min, 10min, 30min, 1h, 6h, 12h and 24h separately as well as the decomposition situation in 100d under the same condition were studied. The results showed that, when the materials were marinated in 5 and 10min, the order of water absorption was jute fibre > rice straw > palm leaf, but from 30min to 24h, it was rice straw > jute fibre > palm leaf. The water absorption rate of these 3 materials at 5minute point was the biggest, later reduced increasingly, and in 24h did not achieved the saturation. In 100d decomposition, the residual rate of jute fibre was the smallest, the rice straw was the biggest, and the palm leaf was middle. They all decomposited rapidly in first 40d, jute fibre and palm leaf went flatten later; however rice straw had increasing tendency. In the decomposition process, there were no differences of soil moisture contents and temperatures changes among 3 materials. C/N gradually reduced, basically tended to stably later.