5种绿化灌木茎叶解剖结构及耐寒性比较

以广西大学校园内的黄素梅、福建茶、檵木、朱槿、小驳骨等5种绿化灌木为研究对象，观察和测定各植物的茎叶解剖结构特征，综合分析这些特征与植物耐寒性的关系。结果表明，在5种灌木的叶片解剖结构中，檵木具有较大的角质层厚度、下表皮厚度、栅栏组织厚度和气孔密度；黄素梅的角质层厚度和表皮厚度最小，但其栅海比最高；小驳骨的气孔开度最大。在茎解剖结构中，福建茶木质部所占比例最高，韧皮部比例最大的是檵木，而小驳骨在皮层和髓比例上表现较强。采用模糊综合评判方法进行综合评价，5种植物的茎叶解剖指标的耐寒能力大小依次为：檵木＞福建茶＞朱槿＞小驳骨＞黄素梅。

Comparison on leaf and stem anatomical structures and cold tolerance of five shrub species

Duranta repens＇Dwart Yellow＇,Carmona microphylla （Lam.） G. Don,Loropetalum chinense （R. Br.） Oliv,Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.,Justicia gendarussa L. f. were selected on the campus of the Guangxi University to compare the mainly anatomical structure characters and analyzed their ability in cold endurance. The results showed that the thickness of cuticle,lower epidermis cells,palisade tissues and stomatal density of L. chinensis （R.Br） Oliv. were highest among the five shrub species. The thickness of cuticle and epidermis cells ofD. repens＇Dwart Yellow＇were lowest but it had the biggest ratio of palisade to sponge tissues. The length of stoma ofJ. gendarussa L. f. was distinguished. Among the stem anatomical characters,the percentage of xylem layer ofC. microphylla （Lam.） G. Don,phloem layer ofL. chinensis （R.Br） Oliv. cortex layer and pith layer ofJ. gendarussa L. f. were biggest among five species,respectively. By using fuzzy cluster analysis,the order of five species＇cold tolerance ability in anatomical structures is：L. chinense （R. Br.） Oliv. 〉 C. microphylla （Lam.） G. Don 〉H. rosa-sinensis L. 〉J. gendarussa L. f.〉D. repens＇Dwart Yellow＇.