菊花及其近缘种的分子进化与系统发育研究

分子进化与系统发育的基本关系就是在DNA水平探索生物进化的原因和机制 ,以生物大分子的信息推断生物进化的历史 ,重建系统谱系关系。该文分析了几个在菊花及其近缘种起源与亲缘关系研究中有代表性的CHS基因、CDS基因和核糖体nrITS基因等的分子进化和以其核苷酸与氨基酸序列进化差异构建的系统发育关系 ,概述了前人基于RAPD、AFLP和SSR等分子标记的以基因组DNA扩增片段的多态性构建的菊花及其近缘种的系统发育关系进展。作者比较了基于分子特征和表征特征研究菊花及其近缘种及品种起源与亲缘关系的异同点 ,认为只有将分子进化的系统发育研究与传统的基于形态、细胞和生理学研究的表征特征结合起来 ,才能最终澄清物种间的进化关系。

Molecular Evolution and Phylogeny of Florist's Chrysanthemum and Related Species

The basic purposes of the study of the molecular evolution and phylogeny are to explore the mechanism of evolution of an organism at DNA level and to deduce the evolutionary history from that biological information in the form of a phylogenetic relationship. The molecular evolution of several representative genes in chrysanthemum and related species were analyzed for the Chalcone Synthase(CHS)gene, the Chrysanthemyl Diphosphate Synthase (CDS)gene and the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) gene, and phylogenetic relationships were reconstructed based on the substitutions of nucleotides and amino acids. Studies of phylogenetic relationships constructed by genomic DNA amplified fragments polymorphism based on the molecular markers like RAPD, AFLP and SSR are discussed. At last, the authors compare the results based on molecular analyses with results from morphological, cytological and physiological analyses, and indicate that the best way of clarifying evolution of species would be to combine the use of molecular and phenetic characters together.