温室葡萄生育期管理及气象条件分析

通过对2012—2014年在民勤县三雷镇中陶村葡萄温室大棚内安装的小气候观测仪,运用温室内的温度观测资料以及同期气象观测资料,分析了适宜温室葡萄生产管理措施、覆膜期温室内、外温度的变化及灾害天气对温室作物的影响。结果表明:温室内温度明显高于温室外温度,温室内、外温度具有相同的变化趋势,且温室内温度随温室外温度的变化而变化。晴天、多云天、阴天温室内、外温度变化有所不同,晴天日变化比多云天和阴天明显得多。适宜的温室内温度对葡萄的生长发育较为有利,温室内温度太高或太低及其灾害性天气对葡萄生长发育有明显的不利影响,提出了温室葡萄灾害天气的防御措施。通过分析将为温室安全生产提供一定的技术指导,进一步提升了气象为特色农业服务的能力和水平,对地方经济和社会的发展有着重要的现实意义。

Greenhouse Grapes: Growth Period Management and Meteorological Condition Analysis

The authors installed a microclimate viewer in the grape greenhouses in Zhongtao Village, Sanlei Town of Minqin County from 2012 to 2014, used the observation data of temperature in the greenhouses and meteorological observation data in the same period, to analyze the influence of suitable production management, temperature change inside and outside of the greenhouse during laminating period as well as disastrous weather on greenhouse grapes. The results showed that, the temperature in the greenhouse was significantly higher than that outside the greenhouse, the temperature inside and outside the greenhouse showed the same change trend, temperature in greenhouse changed along with the change of temperature outside the greenhouse. For sunny days and cloudy days, the temperature changed inside and outside the greenhouse was different and there was obviously more change on sunny days than that on cloudy days. In addition, suitable greenhouse temperature was relatively good for grape growth, and too high or too low temperature inside the greenhouse and the disastrous weather had great adverse effects on grape growth. Moreover, the protecting measures under disastrous weather condition were put forward. The analysis provides certain technical guidance for safe greenhouse production, further enhances the ability of meteorological service for characteristic agriculture, and is of practical significance for local economic and social development.