珍稀食药用菌水提取物对糖苷酶的抑制

以5种食药用菌水提取物为试材,采用测定糖苷酶抑制率的方法,研究了5种珍稀食药用菌水提取物对糖苷酶的抑制作用,以期为进一步开发降血糖药物提供参考依据。结果表明:羊肚菌、桑黄、灵芝、蝉花、虫草水提取物对4种糖苷酶均有不同程度的抑制,且差异显著(P<0.05)。5种水提物中,桑黄水提物对蔗糖酶的抑制率最高(74.8%),略低于常用的降糖药阿卡波糖以及米格列醇,虫草水提物对蔗糖酶的抑制率最低(35.9%)。虫草水提物对α-淀粉酶的抑制能力最高(9.7%)且显著高于米格列醇(P<0.05),羊肚菌水提物对α-淀粉酶的抑制最低(1.1%)。羊肚菌水提物对α-葡萄糖苷酶显示出较好的抑制能力(15.4%),显著高于阿卡波糖和米格列醇(P<0.05),而灵芝水提物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制水平最低(11.2%)。灵芝水提物对麦芽糖酶显示出较高的抑制能力(10.2%),显著高于米格列醇(P<0.05),而与阿卡波糖相当,桑黄水提物对麦芽糖酶抑制最差(4.6%)。5种水提物在20～60℃以及pH 6～8时对4种糖苷酶仍然保持较好的抑制能力。

Inhibition of Glycosidase by Water Extracts of Rare Edible-medicinal Fungi

Five kinds of water extracts of rare edible-medicinal fungi were used as material,and inhibition rates of glucosidase were detected to compare their inhibitory effects,in order to provide the basis for development of hypoglycemic drugs.The results showed that the water extracts of morchella,phellinus igniarius,ganoderma lucidum,cordyceps cicadae,and cordyceps militaris had different degrees of inhibition on the four glycosidase,and the difference was significant(P<0.05).Among the five water extracts,the extract of phellinus igniarius had the highest inhibition rate(74.8%),slightly lower than the commonly used hypoglycemic drugs acarbose and miglitol,and the extract of cordyceps militaris of the inhibition rate was the lowest(35.9%).The water extract of cordyceps militaris had the highest inhibition ability ofα-amylase(9.7%)and was significantly higher than that of miglitol(P<0.05).The water extract of morchella had the lowest inhibition ofα-amylase(1.1%).The water extract of morchella showed good inhibition ability toα-glucosidase(15.4%),which was significantly higher than that of acarbose and miglitol(P<0.05),while the extract of ganoderma lucidum had the lowest level ofα-glucosidase inhibition(11.2%).Ganoderma lucidum water extract showed higher inhibition ability(10.2%)of maltolase,which was significantly higher than that of miglitol(P<0.05),but same to acarbose.The water extract of Phellinus chinensis had the lowest inhibition rate of maltase(4.6%).The five aqueous extracts still maintained good inhibition of the four glycosidase enzymes at 20-60℃and pH 6-8.