以生境保护优先的北京市第二道绿化隔离地区郊野公园选址方法

[目的]在中国快速城镇化背景下,北京市边缘地区的生态环境不断恶化,绿化隔离带成为控制北京市建成区无序扩张、改善城市生态环境的手段,在绿化隔离带范围内建设郊野公园是落实规划的有效途径.郊野公园的核心目标是在生态保育的同时提供少量的游憩活动,因此对于绿化隔离带范围内生境质量高的区域进行保护应作为郊野公园选址的基础原则.[方...

Site selection methods of country park with priority of habitat protection in the second green isolated area of Beijing

[Objective]Under the background of China’s rapid urbanization,the ecological environment in Beijing urban fringe areas is deteriorating.The green belt has become a means to control the disordered expansion of Beijing’s built-up areas and improve the urban ecological environment.The construction of country parks within the green belt is an effective way to implement the plan.The core goal of country parks is to provide a small amount of recreational activities with ecological conservation.It should be the basic principle to protect the area with high habitat quality within the green belts.[Method]On the basis of summarizing the relevant research of scholars at home and abroad,taking the second green belt area of Beijing as an example,this paper constructs a framework of country park site selection with priority of habitat protection,and uses the InVEST model to evaluate the habitat quality of research area.According to the habitat quality index,the habitat was divided into five grades:low habitat,general habitat,medium habitat,high habitat and extremely important habitat.Taking the most important habitat areas as the basic principle of country park site selection in the model evaluation results,the scope of priority alternative areas for habitat protection was selected,and the suitable construction area was selected by adding six external construction conditions and internal development conditions,including surrounding park resources,the built and proposed country parks,land use planning,basic farmland planning,road accessibility and current land use,and then according to the vegetation coverage type.Finally,the site selection and classification of country parks with priority of habitat protection were completed.[Result]According to different habitats,six types of country parks were defined:mixed forest,farmland,river,broadleaved forest or coniferous forest and shrub.A total of 41 rural parks with priority of habitat protection were demarcated in Jianchang Village of Tongzhou District,Shijiaqiao Village of Changping District,Li Village of Fangshan District and other villages and towns.[Conclusion]The evaluation results can provide a scientific basis for the location of country parks in the second green isolation area of Beijing.