2016年国内外家兔遗传育种研究进展

作者对2016年国内外家兔遗传育种（传统育种、分子育种、家兔繁殖）的进展进行综述，以期为家兔育种实践和科学研究提供参考。国外传统育种包括遗传评估、选择及杂交、因子效应分析，分子育种主要涉及生长、繁殖及抗病等性能，而繁殖相关技术为国外研究重点，主要包括胚胎冷冻、精子特性、药物及营养等对家兔繁殖的影响研究。国内传统育种包括品种选育、杂交及性能测定，繁殖技术包括人工授精及繁殖方式和光控繁殖等，分子育种技术则为国内研究重点，主要涉及遗传多样性评估，生长、皮毛、繁殖、抗病性能及CRISPR/Cas9技术等。国内外研究侧重点不同，国外繁殖技术研究成果值得借鉴。

Research Progresses on Domestic and International Rabbit Genetic and Breeding in 2016

In this paper, the studies on rabbit genetics and breeding in 2016 were reviewed in three aspects of traditional and molecular breeding and reproduction, so as to provide references for rabbit breeding. At abroad, the researches focused on reproduction which compromised of embryo cryopreservation, semen characteristics, effect of additives and nutrition on reproductive performance, while there were relatively little researches on molecular and traditional breeding. In China, the scientists focused on molecular breeding techniques involved in genetic diversity, performances in growth, fur, reproduction and disease resistance, and CRISPR/Cas9 technique. The spots of foreign and internal studies were different and the results of reproduction researches at abroad could be good references for us.