驯鹿干扰素β1基因的克隆及遗传进化分析

试验旨在从驯鹿鹿茸顶端组织中克隆干扰素β1（interferon beta 1，IFNβ1）基因全长序列，分析其分子特性，为研究其生物学活性及实际应用奠定基础。根据GenBank数据库中牛、羊等近缘物种IFNβ1基因的保守序列设计1对引物，以驯鹿鹿茸顶端间充质层组织基因组DNA为模板，采用PCR技术扩增得到驯鹿IFNβ1基因并克隆、测序，利用相关生物信息学软件对该序列进行分析。结果发现，驯鹿IFNβ1基因全长561 bp，共编码186个氨基酸，含有3个糖基化位点；其编码蛋白含有4个α螺旋、4个β折叠区、7个β转角。将驯鹿IFNβ1基因推导的氨基酸序列与其他14种哺乳动物进行遗传进化分析发现，其同源性为45.1%~92.0%；驯鹿与其他动物IFNβ1基因序列分析和系统进化树分析表明，IFNβ1基因存在种属差异性，亲缘关系越近，同源性越高。本研究结果为驯鹿IFNβ1基因的进一步研究和应用提供了基础试验数据。

Cloning and Phylogenetic Analysis of IFNβ1 Gene of Reindeer

This study was aimed to clone the full-length sequence of interferon beta 1 (IFNβ1) gene from the top of reindeer antler, and analyze its molecular characteristics, to lay a foundation for its biological activity and practical application. One pair of primers was designed based on the conserved sequence of IFNβ1 gene of cattle and sheep published in GenBank. IFNβ1 gene of reindeer was amplified by PCR from genome DNA extracted from mesenchyme of reindeer antler tip, and the product was cloned and sequenced. The result showed that the full length sequence of reindeer IFNβ1 gene was 561 bp, encoded 186 amino acids and contained 3 glycosylation sites. The encoded protein contained 4 alpha helixes, 4 beta fold zones and 7 beta turn angles. Compared the amino acids of IFNβ1 gene with other mammal species, the homology was 45.1% to 92.0%. The results of sequence and phylogenetic tree analysis showed that IFNβ1 gene had species diversity, the relationship was proportional to homology. This result laid the foundation for further research on the expression, biological activity and application of reindeer IFNβ1 gene.