彩椒保花保果剂配方及其应用效果

为了提高彩椒坐果率和降低畸形果率,以彩椒品种世季红为试材,研究3种配方保花保果剂对彩椒产量、坐果数和商品果率的影响,并在低温弱光照、亚适温弱光照和高温条件下比较最优配方在朝天椒、线椒和牛角椒上的应用效果。结果表明,喷施配方P_2(A液:复硝酚钠0.03 g·m L~(-1),B液:赤霉素0.10 g·m L~(-1)、2,4-D钠盐0.01 g·m L~(-1)、萘乙酸钠盐0.10g·m L~(-1))对彩椒保花保果效果最佳,小区产量、坐果数均显著高于对照,且商品果率和单果质量与对照无显著差异。在逆境条件下不同类型辣椒喷施配方P_2后,小区产量和坐果数均显著提高,商品果率和单果质量与对照无显著差异。综上,配方P_2能解决甜(辣)椒畸形果率与坐果率的矛盾且稳定性好,不同类型辣椒品种在不同逆境下均可应用配方P_2进行保花保果。

Studies on Bell Pepper Flower and Fruit Retention Agents Formula and Its Application Effects

In order to improve fruit set rate and reduce abnormal fruit rate of bell pepper，this paper took bell pepper（Capsicum annuum L. var. grossum）cultivar‘ Shijihong’ as testing material，and studied on the effects of 3 kinds of formulas on the yield，numbers of fruit set and commodity fruit rate of bell pepper. The application effects of the optimum formula on pod pepper，linear hot pepper，and ox horn pepper were compared under low temperature and weak illumination，suboptimal temperature and weak illumination，and high temperature. The result indicated that spraying formula P ₂（Solution A：Compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.03 g·mL^-1，Solution B：Gibberellin 0.10 g·mL^-1，2，4-D sodium salt 0.01 g·mL^-1，Naphthalene acetic acid sodium salt 0.10 g·mL^-1）had the best effect on retention of flower and fruit. The yield per plot of bell pepper and number of fruit set were all significantly higher than that of the CK，and yet the commodity fruit rate and single fruit weight had no remarkable differences from the CK. After spraying P₂ formula on different types of pepper，the yield per plot of pepper，numbers of fruit set were significantly increased，and yet there were no significant difference between the CK and P₂ in commodity fruit rate and single fruit weight. Therefore，formula P₂ could solve the contradiction between abnormal fruit rate and fruit set rate of sweet pepper or hot pepper，and had good stability. So formula P₂ could be used in different types of pepper under different environmental stress on retention of pepper flower and fruit.