查清我国东部地区无苹果蠹蛾发生

苹果蠹蛾Laspeyresia pomonella(L.)]是世界检疫性害虫。英联邦农业局(CAB)受联合国粮农组织(FAO)的委托,多次公布的该虫世界分布图上,一再将我国东部(尤其渤海湾沿岸)划为该虫分布区,从而严重影响我国苹果、梨的出口;同时,一些有该虫分布的国家也据此要求我国放宽对苹果进口的检疫规定,构成了对我国苹果、梨生产的严重威胁。为查清该虫在我国的分布实况,作者在1991年监测调查的基础上,于1992—1993年,在辽、鲁、冀、京、豫五省市进行了多点重复监测调查。3年来,各基点于4—10月进行该虫性诱剂诱集监测,监测面积累计达648.2ha,代表不同地区不同类型果园;于7—10月进行果园调查及剖果检查,共计44次,调查了77县(区)的176个果园,累计调查面积达5058.9ha,共抽查了15163株果树的1978419个果实。结果在上述地区连续三年未发现该虫。结合对CAB图依据文献的核查,发现其错误引用丁资料。因此,本文论证了我国东部地区无苹果蠹蛾的分布,CAB图应予更正。

INVESTIGATION REVEALS NO DISTRIBUTION OF CODLING MOTH IN THE EAST OF CHINA

The Codling moth, Laspeyrisia pamoneda (L. ) , is one of the most important quarantine pests in the world. In the distribution map of codling moth that Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux (CAB) lately published in 1976, 1989, Liaoning, Jilin, Hebei, Beijing, Hubei and Zhejiang altogether six provinces of China had been placed on the list of codling moth infested areas and it caused serious influence on the export and inport of China's apples and pears. In order to clarify the real distribution situation of this pest in China, monitoring sites were build to monitor this pest by use of the codling moth sex pheromone as attractants from 1991 to 1993 in Dalian, Yingkou, Jinzhou, Yantai, Qingdao, Qinhuangdao, Shijiazhuang, Xihua and Beijing. During this time, monitoring tests were conducted in different types of apple orchards of 8 monitoring sites from March to October in each year, the total monitored area is 648. 2 ha. From July to October in each year, there were altogether 44 times for the orchard investigation and fruit dissection, it covered 70 counties, 176 different type of orchards, 5058. 9 ha investigation areas, 15163 apple and pear trees, 1978419 apple and pear fruits were carried out in above monitoring sites and the near areas. The results of these monitoring tests and orchard investigation for 3 years in succession showed that neither adults nor larvae of L. pomonella have been found. Besides, we found CAB mistakenly quoted in literatures by checking the reports that CAB had based on for charting the distribution map of this pest. Investigation obviously revealed that codling moth does not exist in the main fruit production area of East China.