不同覆盖栽培方式对冬小麦干物质分配与转运的影响

为了解不同覆盖栽培方式对冬小麦干物质分配与转运的影响,以西北旱地生态生产条件为背景,分析了秸秆带状覆盖(SM)、地膜覆盖(PM)及露地(CK)三种覆盖栽培方式下冬小麦干物质分配与转运的差异,其中秸秆带状覆盖设置了59%(SM3)、50%(SM4)、42%(SM5)、37%(SM6)共4个秸秆覆盖度。结果表明,随小麦生育期推移,植株干物质量逐渐增加;与CK相比,覆盖栽培促进了花后营养器官中干物质的分配与转运,显著提高了花前干物质对籽粒产量的贡献率,PM的增幅大于SM,说明地膜覆盖较秸秆带状覆盖更利于促进花前干物质向籽粒的转运。

Effect of Different Mulching Cultivation Methods on Dry Matter Distribution and Translocation in Winter Wheat

In order to understand the influence of different mulching cultivation methods on the distribution and translocation of dry matter in winter wheat,based on the ecological production conditions of arid area in Northwestern China,we compared and analyzed the differences of dry matter distribution and translocation in winter wheat under the three different planting methods:straw mulching(SM),plastic film mulching(PM) and non-mulching(CK). For the SM,there are four straw mulching degrees of 59%(SM3),50%(SM4),42%(SM5) and 37%(SM6). The results showed that the dry matter mass of the plant gradually increased along with the wheat growth period. Compared with CK,mulching cultivation promoted the distribution and translocation of dry matter in the vegetative organs after anthesis,significantly increased the contribution rate of dry matter accumulated before anthesis to the grain,and the increasing rate under PM is higher than that under SM. Thus,film mulching is more conducive to promoting the translocation of dry matter accumulated before anthesis to the grain after anthesis.