农业高质量发展的空间分异与影响因素 ——以广东省为例

农业高质量发展是乡村产业振兴的重要表征。广东省特色高效农业走在全国前列,以广东省为例量化评估农业高质量发展水平,可为各地诊断农业发展问题、监测农业高质量进展、支撑完善支持政策提供参考依据。本研究从高效化、绿色化和稳产化3方面构建了农业高质量发展评价模型,借助空间自相关分析方法、双变量空间关联性分析法分析了广东省农业高质量发展空间集聚特征与影响因素。研究发现,广东省农业高质量发展指数呈现“平原区>丘陵区>山地区”的特征,在空间上形成“平原区显著高高集聚、山地丘陵区显著低低集聚”的格局,高效化、绿色化和稳产化3个维度均呈现显著的正向集聚性,且空间集聚格局相似。农业高质量发展水平主要受到人均地区生产总值、高程等因素的影响,凸显农业高质量发展是一个因地制宜、循序渐进的过程,各地需立足本地资源禀赋、产业发展特色与地区经济发展水平综合施策。

Spatial differentiation patterns and influencing factors of agricultural high-quality development: A case study of Guangdong Province

The high-quality development of agriculture is an important feature of the revitalization of rural industries. Guangdong Province is a national leader in characteristic and high-efficiency agriculture. By assessing the level of agricultural high-quality development in Guangdong Province, it can provide a reference for different regions to diagnose agricultural development problems, monitor high-quality agricultural progress, and improve support policies. Taking Guangdong Province as an example, this paper constructs the evaluation model of agricultural high-quality development from three aspects of high efficiency, greening, and stable production, and discusses the spatial agglomeration characteristics and influencing factors of agricultural high-quality development by spatial autocorrelation analysis. It is found that the high-quality development index of agriculture in Guangdong Province showed the characteristics of "plain area>hilly area> mountain area", and formed the pattern of "plain area showed significant high agglomeration, and mountainous and hilly area showed significant low agglomeration". The spatial differentiation characteristics of high-efficiency, greening, and stable production showed significant positive agglomeration, and the spatial agglomeration pattern was similar. The level of agricultural high-quality development was mainly affected by factors such as per capita GDP and elevation. Highlighting the agricultural high-quality development is a gradual process that needs adaptation to local conditions. Different regions need to formulate different policies based on local resource endowments, industrial development characteristics, and local economic development levels.