原蚕稚蚕颗粒人工饲料育的研究

调查了6个家蚕原种、2个杂交种对颗粒人工饲料的摄食性,重点探讨了4个原种1~2龄颗粒饲料育对其生长发育、产卵性能和叶卵转效率的影响。结果表明,不同蚕品种对颗粒人工饲料的摄食性存在极大差异,从24 h疏毛率来看,杂交种高于原种,日系品种高于中系品种。原蚕稚蚕颗粒人工饲料育的1~3龄发育经过比全龄桑叶育对照显著延长,但5龄期发育加快,差距缩小。小蚕颗粒人工饲料育对原蚕虫蛹生命率无明显影响,全茧量高于全龄桑叶育,但茧层率低于对照组。造卵数1~2龄颗粒饲料育略少于全龄桑叶育,但残留卵率显著降低,平均产卵量与全龄桑叶育基本相同,良卵率也无明显差异。小蚕颗粒饲料育的5龄食下量均低于全龄桑叶育,4个品种平均减少11.0%,叶卵转化率比全龄桑叶育平均提高15.6%。

Research on Original Young Silkworms Reared with Pellet Artificial Diet

Through investigating the habit of six kinds of original silkworm varieties and two kinds of crossbreed silkworm varieties reared with pellet artificial diet,we studied the effect of pellet artificial diet on the development progress,the ability of laying eggs and the ratio of transform from mulberry leaves to eggs of four kinds of original silkworm varieties within 1～2 instars.The results indicated that there were remarkable differences among the feeding habits of silkworms varieties reared with pellet artificial diet.The 24 h setae dispersion rate of the crossbreed silkworms is higher than that of original silkworms,Japanese varieties higher than Chinese varieties.The growth duration of instar of original young silkworms reared with pellet artificial diet in 1～3 instars is more longer than that of the silkworms reared with mulberry leaves in all instars,but in the 5th instar the growth of the silkworms reared with pellet artificial diet speeds up,so the difference of the instar growth duration of the silkworms reared with different diets reduces.There was no obviously effect of the pellet artificial diet on the life-force of pupae when silkworms were young,whose whole cocoon weight were higher than the silkworms reared with the mulberry leaves in all instars,but the ratio of cocoon shell was lower than the contrast.The eggs amount of silkworms reared with pellet artificial diet within the 1～2 instars was little lower than that of silkworms reared with mulberry leaves in all instars,but the ratio of eggs laid by the single moth decreased remarkably,so the average amount of laying eggs was almost the same with that of silkworms reared with mulberry leaves in all instars,and there was no obviously difference of the ratio of eggs in good quality between them.Amount of ingested dry diet of the silkworm reared with pellet artificial diet in 5th instar was totally lower than that of silkworms reared with mulberry leaves in all instars,which reduced 11.0% for the four varieties in average,the ratio of transform from mulberry leaves to eggs increased 15.6% in average than that with mulberry leaves reared in all instars.