海拔对浏阳烟叶产量及品质的影响

目的]研究海拔对潮阳烤烟（Nicotianatabacum）烟叶产量及品质的影响，开发优质烟叶，克服高温季节对烤烟生产的影响。方法]以烤烟品种K326为研究对象，研究了不同海拔（200、400、600、900和1300m）对烤烟农艺性状、经济性状和烟叶质量的影响。『结果]在浏阳烟区，随着海拔的增加，单位面积烟叶的产量明显增加，烟叶质量也有一定程度的改善；在海拔400～900m的地方进行烟叶生产，有利于延长烟株大田生育期和烟株的生长发育，为养好烟株的耐熟性打下良好的基础，并能促进各部位烟叶成熟度的提高；同时可以有效地促进烟株各部位橘黄烟叶比例的上升，对上部烟叶的开片也有着明显的促进作用，烟叶身份特别是上部烟叶的身份得到明显的改善，各部位烟叶组织结构更加疏松，烟叶色泽更加鲜亮；上部烟叶烟碱含量在一定程度上有所降低，各部位烟叶还原糖、钾含量有着不同程度的增加，烟叶香气特征更加明显；香气量有一定程度的增加，吸位更加醇和、余味舒适；同时也有利于减少烟叶的农药残留量，提高烟叶的安全性。l结论l在海拔大于1300m的地方不适宜优质烟叶的生产。

Effects of Altitude to the Yield and Quality of Liuyang Flue-cured Tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum)Leaves

Objective] The aim was to study the effects of altitude to the yield and quality of Liuyang flue-cured tobacco leaves,develop high-quality flue-cured tobacco leaves,overcome the high season for impact of flue-cured tobacco production.Method] One variety of Tobacco K326 was used as studying objects in this study,the effects of different altitudes(200,400,600,900 and 1 200 m)to agricultural characters,economic characters and the quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves were revealed.Result] The yield of flue-cured tobacco in unit area was significant increased and the quality was improved along with the altitude increase in Liuyang flue-cured tobacco area.The flue-cured tobacco leaves production at the place where the altitude from 400 to 900 m was propitious to postpone the bearing period and its growth and development.It was the base of maturation endurance and could advance the maturation degree of all parts of flue-cured tobacco plant;And it could hasten the orange flue-cured tobacco leave ratio of the whole flue-cured tobacco plant,boosted leaves unwrapping of top flue-cured tobacco plant and and significantly improved the statuses of flue-cured tobacco leaves,especially the top leaves;The tissue structure of all parts leaves on flue-cured tobacco plant were more loosen and the color and luster of flue-cured tobacco leaves was more vivid;The nicotinamide content in top leaves were digressive at a certain extent,on the contrary,the contents of the reductive sugar and kalium were increased at different extent.At the same time,it was benefit to play down the pesticide rudimental of flue-cured tobacco leaves and increased their security.Conclusion] It is not feasible for flue-cured tobacco leaves production above altitude 1 300 m.