永宁—泸沽湖地区摩梭人山林自然圣境与生物多样性保护

以永宁—泸沽湖地区摩梭人自然圣境中的山林自然圣境为研究对象,运用生态学方法,首先对该区域植被类型进行初步判断,再选择相似海拔、土壤条件的同样植被类型的对照样地,与圣境样地进行详细的样方调查,从而在生态系统水平上,对传统文化在生物多样性保护的影响方面进行定量分析。说明在生态环境遭受破坏的情况下,由于传统信仰文化的原因而建立的山林自然圣境保留了较为完整的自然垂直带谱。调查和定量分析的结果表明,与相同植被类型对照样地相比较,圣境具有更高的生物多样性,在植物群落物种组成上更接近于原始林地。定量分析的结果还表明,圣境对植被的保护作用是显著的,这种保护作用沿山地垂直梯度有上升效应,海拔越高,这种保护作用越明显。从而提示人类高度重视圣境对较高海拔地段自然生态系统的维持和保护作用。

Study on Mosuo's Sacred Natural Sites of Mountainous Forest and Protection of Biological Diversity in Yongning-Lugu Lake Area

With Mosuo's sacred natural sites of mountainous forest in Yongning-Lugu Lake area as the research subject,by using the method of ecology,the vegetation type in this area was initially identified. Select vegetation type at similar altitude and in similar soil condition,and it would be compared with the sample in sacred natural sites at length,so as to quantitatively analyze the protection of biological diversity in the perspective of ecological system. It showed that under the circumstance of the damage of ecological environment,complete natural vertical pattern was preserved thanks to sacred natural sites of mountainous forest established by reason of traditional religion and culture. The results of research and quantitative analysis showed that compared with the similar vegetation type,sacred natural sites were high in biological diversity and the species composition of plant community in sacred natural sites was close to that of primitive forest. The result of quantitative analysis also showed that sacred natural sites played a remarkable role in protecting vegetation and this protective function became more remarkable if the altitude was higher. And human were reminded to pay close attention to the preservation and protection function of sacred natural sites to natural ecological system at high altitude.