网翅蝗科3种蝗虫精子发生时c-kit蛋白特异性表达和比较

以吉林省四平地区网翅蝗科(直翅目：蝗总科)3种优势蝗虫为实验材料，探讨在蝗虫精子发生过程中c-kit蛋白表达和调控机制，应用免疫组织化学和统计分析等方法对精子发生过程中四个代表性阶段c-kit蛋白特异性表达动态进行研究，3种蝗虫分别为：绿牧草蝗Omocestus viridulus (Linnaeus) ，素色异爪蝗Euchorthippus unicolor (Ikonn.)和条纹异爪蝗Euchorthippus vittatus Zheng。结果表明，（1）精原细胞时期阳性表达强度较弱，阳性颗粒细小；（2）初级精母细胞时期阳性表达强度显著增强，阳性颗粒粗大；（3）次级精母细胞时期阳性表达强度继续增强，阳性颗粒细小；（4）成熟精子时期阳性表达强度较强，阳性颗粒细小，并分布于精子头部和尾丝等处；（5）在精巢小管末端发现大量c-kit蛋白成团存在；（6）c-kit蛋白表达存在的种间差异。以上结果提示c-kit蛋白在生精细胞中阶段性的特异表达说明它直接参与和调控精子增殖与分化进程，同时参与成熟精子生理活性维系和受精等功能，甚至还参与调控不同种蝗虫精子发生的进程和种间生殖隔离的维系。

The Special Expression and Comparison of c-kit Protein in Spermatogenesis of Three Species of Arcypteridae Locusts

In order to elucidate the regulation of c-kit protein in spermatogenesis of locust, immunohistochemistry and biological statistics were used to investigate the expression of c-kit protein in four representative phases of spermatogenesis of three dominant species of locusts of Arcypteridae (Orthoptera:Acridoidea) which are Omocestus viridulus (Linnaeus), Euchorthippus unicolor (Ikonn.) and Euchorthippus vittatus Zheng and so on in Siping area of Jilin province,China. The results were as follows: (1)there were weak positive expression of c-kit protein in spermatogonia and positive granule was thinner;(2)there were a strong positive expression of c-kit protein in primary spermatocyte and positive granule became biggest than all developmental stages;(3)c-kit protein positive expression became stronger in secondary spermatocyte while positive granule became thinner;(4)there were strong positive expression of c-kit and thinner positive granule in mature sperm, which distributed on head and tail;(5)there were strong c-kit positive protein granule massing at the end of spermary;(6) the intensity of c-kit protein positive expression of three species of locusts in spermatogenesis were compared and analyzed. Results showed that there were significant differences among different kinds of locusts. The data suggested that c-kit might play a crucial role in spermatogenesis as well as keep the physiological action of sperms and fertilization, and even regulate developmental speed in spermatogenesis and maintain species isolation etc.