昆虫氨肽酶N的研究进展

氨肽酶N(aminopeptidase N,APN)是一种偏好水解蛋白或寡肽N端中性氨基酸的酶,广泛分布于动植物中。在昆虫中,APN主要分布于中肠刷状缘膜上,涉及食物蛋白的消化以及Bt毒素对靶标害虫的作用。从APN的结构特征和分类地位、APN的分离纯化及其酶活性位点与结合位点的相关性、APN同工酶的区分特征及系统发育关系、APN同工酶的基因功能、不同APN同工酶在昆虫体内的分布及表达量、APN基因功能最新研究方法和结果以及APN与昆虫抗药性的关系等方面概述了昆虫APN的最新研究进展。鉴于昆虫体内受体的多样性、复杂性及当前研究手段的局限性,对APN功能的全面了解还有赖于研究方法的改进和提高而逐步深入。

Studying progress on aminopeptidase N of insects

Aminopeptidase N (APN) is an enzyme that preferentially cleaves neutral amino acids from the amino-terminus of proteins or oligopeptides.This enzyme is widely distributed in the plants and animals.In insects,APN is most abundant in the brush border membrane of the midgut and is an enzyme involved in the digestion of protein in food and the toxication of Bt for target insects.The recent research results of APNs of insects in the world were summarized.The characteristics,configuration,classification,isolation and purification,relationship between the catalytic and toxin-binding sites,phylogenetic relationship,gene function,the distribution and gene expression level,the recent studying methods and results of APNs and whether they are related between the Bt resistance of insects and APNs were elucidated.It is necessary to further study the function of APNs in view of the effect of other receptors,action complication and limited research techniques.