插秧量与行距配置对北方杂交稻和常规稻产量及其构成因子的影响

比较了在不同插秧量和行距配置方式下杂交稻和常规稻的产量及其构成因素。杂交稻穗大、粒多、千粒重大、经济系数高、灌浆持续期长、同化物向籽粒转移比率高。杂交稻比常规稻平均增产7．27％。但不同类型品种适宜的栽培方式不同：杂交稻适宜插单苗，而常规稻适宜插3苗；不论是杂交稻还是常规稻，直立穗型和半直立穗型品种适宜等行距栽培以减少群体漏光，弯曲穗型品种适宜宽窄行栽培以改善中下层叶片的光照条件。

Effects of Seedling Quantity and Row Spacing on Yields and Yield Components of Hybrid and Conventional Rice in Northern China

A comparison of yield and its components between hybrid rice and conventional rice varieties was made with different seedling quantity and row spacing at transplanting. Compared with conventional rice, hybrid rice combinations had much larger panicles, heavier 1000-grain weight, higher economic index, longer duration of grain filling, higher percentage of assimilate distribution to grain, resulting in an average yield increase of 7.27 percent. Single seedling per hill planting was suitable for hybrid rice combinmations, while three seedlings per hill planting for conventional rice varieties. No matter hybrid rice or conventional rice varieties, erect and semi-erect panicle rice varieties were suitable for equal row spacing cultivation for intercepting more light at canopy, while curved-panicle rice varieties were for wide-narrow row spacing cultivation for improving light intensities of middle and lower layer leaves.