2种常用药物对麦穗鱼的急性毒性和SDS对麦穗鱼的遗传毒性

为水产养殖业的水质科学管理提供理论依据,以麦穗鱼仔鱼为材料,研究了硫酸铜、重铬酸钾对麦穗鱼的急性毒性以及十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)对其的遗传毒性。结果表明:24h、48h、72h和96h的LC50,CuSO4分别为8.587mg/L、5.462mg/L、4.416mg/L和3.270mg/L,K2Cr2O7的分别为366.367mg/L、319.530mg/L、284.205mg/L和190.757mg/L,CuSO4、K2Cr2O7对麦穗鱼仔鱼的安全质量浓度分别为0.032 7mg/L和1.907 57mg/L。在SDS染毒96h后,0～7.5mg/L的浓度范围内,SDS对麦穗鱼仔鱼微核的产生具有明显的影响,且随着浓度的升高微核率显著增加;在4.3～5.6mg/L的浓度范围内,随着浓度的增加微核率的增加缓慢。结论:对麦穗鱼CuSO4属于中等毒性物质,应避免使用;K2Cr2O7属于低毒物质,建议谨慎使用。

The Acute Toxicity of Two Drugs to Pseudorasbora parva and the Genetic Toxicities of SDS

To provide the theoretical basis for the aquaculture production of fishing environment water quality management.The P.parva were taken as materials to study the acute toxicity of CuSO4 and K2Cr2O7 and the genetic toxicities of SDS on the P.parva.The results showed that the LC50 of CuSO4 for 24 h,48 h,72h and 96 h was found to be 8.587 mg/L,5.462 mg/L,4.416 mg/L and 3.270 mg/L,respectively;LC50 of K2Cr2O7 was found to be 366.367 mg/L,319.530 mg/L,284.205 mg/L and 190.757 mg/L,respectively.The safety concentrations of CuSO 4 and K2Cr2O7-were found to be 0.0327 mg/L and 1.907 57 mg/L,respectively.The P.parva had high tolerance to K2Cr2O7.After contaminated for 96 h,in the 0~7.5 mg/L scope,SDS has obvious influence on the P.parva’s micronucleus production,and significant increase in micronucleus rate along with the concentration ascension.in the 4.3~5.6 mg/L scope,the increase of micronucleus rate becomes slow with the concentration ascension.Conclusion: CuSO4 is a moderately toxic substance to the P.parva,K2Cr2O7 belongs to the less toxic substances,CuSO4 should not be used,K2Cr2O7 should be used carefully.