黔中地区玉米作物系数及作物需水量研究

目的]观测贵州省黔中地区主要农作物之一玉米的作物系数及需水量,为该地区节水农作制度的引进和建立提供理论依据。方法]通过对玉米划分不同的处理方式,观测不同处理方式下玉米各生育阶段的相关因子变化,并计算出该地区玉米作物系数和作物需水量。结果]黔中地区玉米脱粒晒干后净产量为4758.3kg/hm^2,需水量为520.56mm,玉米各生育阶段作物系数分别为：苗期—拔节0.71,拔节—抽穗0.80,抽穗—灌浆0.91,灌浆—成熟0.66。玉米水分生产力K=1.09m3/kg。结论]黔中地区玉米需水量处于我国春玉米需水量中间值;玉米水分生产力较之贵州省平均水分生产力小0.23m3/kg。

Experiment in the Corn Cropping Coefficient in Central Guizhou and Its Requirement to Water

Objective] The theoretical basis of the introduction and establishment of the water-saving agricultural system in the central region of Guizhou Province was provided through the analysis of the cropping coefficient of the corn——one of the main crops in Guizhou and its water requirement.Method] The change of the related factors affecting corn growth in each growth stage under different treatments was observed and the corn cropping coefficient and its water requirement were calculated.Results] The demand of the corn for water was 520.56 mm while its net yield was 4 758.3 kg/hm2 in the central Guizhou.The corn cropping coefficient in the different growth stages was 0.71 from seedling to jointing stage,0.80 from jointing to heading stage,0.91 from haeding to filling stage and 0.66 from filling to mature stage.The productivity of water in corn was K=1.09 m3/kg.Conclusion] The requirement of corn to water in central Guizhou was in middle value in China spring corn planting and the water productivity for corn was 0.23 m3/kg less than average water productivity in Guizhou Province.